-
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2018The study tried to explore the role of sugar-residues and mechanisms of phenolic phenylpropanoid antioxidants. Acteoside, along with its apioside forsythoside B and...
The study tried to explore the role of sugar-residues and mechanisms of phenolic phenylpropanoid antioxidants. Acteoside, along with its apioside forsythoside B and rhamnoside poliumoside, were comparatively investigated using various antioxidant assays. In three electron-transfer (ET)-based assays (FRAP, CUPRAC, PTIO•-scavenging at pH 4.5), the relative antioxidant levels roughly ruled as: acteoside >forsythoside B > poliumoside. Such order was also observed in H⁺-transfer-involved PTIO•-scavenging assay at pH 7.4, and in three multiple-pathway-involved radical-scavenging assays, i.e., ABTS⁺•-scavenging, DPPH•-scavenging, and •O₂-scavenging. In UV-vis spectra, each of them displayed a red-shift at 335→364 nm and two weak peaks (480 and 719 nm), when mixed with Fe; however, acteoside gave the weakest absorption. In Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) analysis, no radical-adduct-formation (RAF) peak was found. MTT assay revealed that poliumoside exhibited the highest viability of oxidative-stressed bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, acteoside, forsythoside B, and poliumoside may be involved in multiple-pathways to exert the antioxidant action, including ET, H⁺-transfer, or Fe-chelating, but not RAF. The ET and H⁺-transfer may be hindered by rhamnosyl and apiosyl moieties; however, the Fe-chelating potential can be enhanced by two sugar-residues (especially rhamnosyl moiety). The general effect of rhamnosyl and apiosyl moieties is to improve the antioxidant or cytoprotective effects.
Topics: Antioxidants; Cytoprotection; Free Radical Scavengers; Glucosides; Iron Chelating Agents; Mechanical Phenomena; Metals; Molecular Structure; Phenols; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 29473886
DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020498 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Apr 2023The application of engineered biomaterials for wound healing has been pursued since the beginning of tissue engineering. Here, we attempt to apply functionalized lignin...
The application of engineered biomaterials for wound healing has been pursued since the beginning of tissue engineering. Here, we attempt to apply functionalized lignin to confer antioxidation to the extracellular microenvironments of wounds and to deliver oxygen from the dissociation of calcium peroxide for enhanced vascularization and healing responses without eliciting inflammatory responses. Elemental analysis showed 17 times higher quantity of calcium in the oxygen-releasing nanoparticles. Lignin composites including the oxygen-generating nanoparticles released around 700 ppm oxygen per day at least for 7 days. By modulating the concentration of the methacrylated gelatin, we were able to maintain the injectability of lignin composite precursors and the stiffness of lignin composites suitable for wound healing after photo-cross-linking. formation of lignin composites with the oxygen-releasing nanoparticles enhanced the rate of tissue granulation, the formation of blood vessels, and the infiltration of α-smooth muscle actin fibroblasts into the wounds over 7 days. At 28 days after surgery, the lignin composite with oxygen-generating nanoparticles remodeled the collagen architecture, resembling the basket-weave pattern of unwounded collagen with minimal scar formation. Thus, our study shows the potential of functionalized lignin for wound-healing applications requiring balanced antioxidation and controlled release of oxygen for enhanced tissue granulation, vascularization, and maturation of collagen.
Topics: Antioxidants; Lignin; Oxygen; Wound Healing; Collagen
PubMed: 37022100
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22982 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Cannabidiol (CBD) from Cannabis sativa is used in cosmetics in North America due to its antibacterial and antioxidant properties, but has been prohibited in many...
Cannabidiol (CBD) from Cannabis sativa is used in cosmetics in North America due to its antibacterial and antioxidant properties, but has been prohibited in many countries except recently; so, finding a non-intoxicating CBD alternative and elucidating the structure−function relationship of CBD analogues is becoming increasingly relevant. Herein, a set of CBD analogues including 8,9-dihydrocannabidiol (H2CBD) was synthesized, and their antibacterial, bactericidal, and antioxidant activity, as well as their structure−function relationship, were studied. The results present a catalytic selectivity near 100% towards H2CBD with a production yield of 85%. Each CBD analogue presented different antibacterial and antioxidant activity. It is revealed that the phenolic hydroxyl moiety is an essential group for CBD analogues to perform antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Among them, H2CBD presented much stronger antibacterial activity than the assayed popular antibiotics. H2CBD and Compound 4 presented very similar radical scavenging activity and inhibition on lipid oxidation to vitamin C, but better thermostability. Moreover, H2CBD presented lower toxicity to human skin fibroblasts at concentrations up to 64-fold higher than its MIC value (1.25 μg/mL) against S. aureus. Above all, in all property experiments, H2CBD presented extremely similar performance to CBD (p < 0.05), including similar time−kill kinetics curves. This research finds H2CBD to be an alternative for CBD with very high potential in the aspects of antibacterial, bactericidal, and antioxidant activity, as well as lower toxicity to human skin fibroblasts.
Topics: Humans; Cannabidiol; Antioxidants; Staphylococcus aureus; Cannabis; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36615636
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010445 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024Skin wounds are a prevalent issue that can have severe health consequences if not treated correctly. Nanozymes offer a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment...
BACKGROUND
Skin wounds are a prevalent issue that can have severe health consequences if not treated correctly. Nanozymes offer a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of skin wounds, owing to their advantages in regulating redox homeostasis to reduce oxidative damage and kill bacteria. These properties make them an effective treatment option for skin wounds. However, most of current nanozymes lack the capability to simultaneously address inflammation, oxidative stress, and bacterial infection during the wound healing process. There is still great potential for nanozymes to increase their therapeutic functional diversity and efficacy.
METHODS
Herein, copper-doped hollow mesopores cerium oxide (Cu-HMCe) nanozymes with multifunctional of antioxidant, antimicrobial and pro-vascularity is successfully prepared. Cu-HMCe can be efficiently prepared through a simple and rapid solution method and displays sound physiological stability. The biocompatibility, pro-angiogenic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of Cu-HMCe were assessed. Moreover, a full-thickness skin defect infection model was utilized to investigate the wound healing capacity, as well as anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic properties of nanozymes in vivo.
RESULTS
Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have substantiated Cu-HMCe's remarkable biocompatibility. Moreover, Cu-HMCe possesses potent antioxidant enzyme-like catalytic activity, effectively clearing DPPH radicals (with a scavenging rate of 80%), hydroxyl radicals, and reactive oxygen species. Additionally, Cu-HMCe exhibits excellent antimicrobial and pro-angiogenic properties, with over 70% inhibition of both and . These properties collectively promote wound healing, and the wound treated with Cu-HMCe achieved a closure rate of over 90% on the 14th day.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that multifunctional Cu-HMCe with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and pro-angiogenic properties was successfully prepared and exhibited remarkable efficacy in promoting wound healing. This nanozymes providing a promising strategy for skin repair.
Topics: Antioxidants; Copper; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hydrogels
PubMed: 38596410
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S452216 -
American Journal of Physiology. Cell... Feb 2023Cancer cachexia is common in many cancers and the loss of skeletal muscle mass compromises the response to therapies and quality of life. A contributing mechanism is...
Cancer cachexia is common in many cancers and the loss of skeletal muscle mass compromises the response to therapies and quality of life. A contributing mechanism is oxidative stress and compounds able to attenuate it may be protective. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural antioxidant in cruciferous vegetables, activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling to decrease oxidative stress. Although SFN has potential as a cancer therapeutic, whether it can attenuate muscle wasting in the absence or presence of chemotherapy is unknown. In healthy C2C12 myotubes, SFN administration for 48 h induced hypertrophy through increased myoblast fusion via Nrf2 and ERK signaling. To determine whether SFN could attenuate wasting induced by cancer cells, myotubes were cocultured with or without Colon-26 (C-26) cancer cells for 48 h and treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 5 µM) or vehicle (DMSO). SFN (10 µM) or DMSO was added for the final 24 h. Coculture with cancer cells in the absence and presence of 5-FU reduced myotube width by ∼30% ( < 0.001) and ∼20% ( < 0.01), respectively, which was attenuated by SFN ( < 0.05). Exposure to C-26 conditioned media reduced myotube width by 15% ( < 0.001), which was attenuated by SFN. Western immunoblotting and qRT-PCR confirmed activation of Nrf2 signaling and antioxidant genes. Coadministration of Nrf2 inhibitors (ML-385) or MEK inhibitors (PD184352) revealed that SFN's attenuation of atrophy was blocked by ERK inhibition. These data support the chemoprotective and antioxidative function of SFN in myotubes, highlighting its therapeutic potential for cancer-related muscle wasting.
Topics: Humans; Antioxidants; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Quality of Life; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Oxidative Stress; Muscular Atrophy; Neoplasms; Fluorouracil
PubMed: 36534500
DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00025.2022 -
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics Nov 2023Skin wound healing is a dynamic and complex process that involves multiple physiological and cellular events. Grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) have strong...
Skin wound healing is a dynamic and complex process that involves multiple physiological and cellular events. Grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) have strong anti-oxidation and elimination of oxygen free radicals, and have been shown to significantly promote wound healing, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Studies have indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as an upstream signal to induce mitophagy, suggesting that GSP can regulate mitophagy through the signal pathway. This study aimed to investigate whether GSP regulates mitophagy by down-regulating oxidative stress to promote wound healing. In vivo, GSP treatment accelerated wound healing, granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis in mice. Moreover, GSP down-regulated ROS levels and promoted the expression of antioxidant proteins by up-regulating the expression of p-JNK/FOXO3a protein, thereby regulating the expression of mitophagy-related proteins. In vitro, 4 μg/mL GSP showed no apparent toxic effects on cells and effectively reduce the oxidative stress damage of cells induced by HO. Western blot and superoxide anion fluorescence probe further confirmed that GSP effectively reduced Dihydroethidium content and up-regulated the expression of antioxidant proteins by activation of p-JNK/FOXO3a protein expression, thereby regulating mitophagy. Taken together, the findings from in vitro and in vivo experiments provide new insights into the promotion of wound healing by GSP.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Antioxidants; Reactive Oxygen Species; Endothelial Cells; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mitophagy; Proanthocyanidins; Signal Transduction; Wound Healing
PubMed: 37858664
DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109790 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2022Dried roots of (YuanZhi in Chinese) are widely used in Chinese herbal medicine. These components in YuanZhi have significant anti-oxidation properties owing to high...
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Active Components and Antioxidant Activity from : A Comparative Study of the Response Surface Methodology and Least Squares Support Vector Machine.
Dried roots of (YuanZhi in Chinese) are widely used in Chinese herbal medicine. These components in YuanZhi have significant anti-oxidation properties owing to high levels of 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose (DISS) and Polygalaxanthone III (PolyIII). In order to efficiently extract natural medicines, response surface methodology (RSM) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) were used for the modeling and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of DISS and PolyIII together to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from YuanZhi. For the optimal combination of the comprehensive yield of DISS and PolyIII (Y), the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to improve extraction time (X), extraction temperature (X), liquid-solid ratio (X), and ethanol concentration (X). The optimal process parameters were determined to be as follows: extraction time, 93 min; liquid-solid ratio, 40 mL/g; extraction temperature, 48 °C; and ethanol concentration, 67%. With these conditions, the predictive optimal combination comprehensive evaluation value is 13.0217. It was clear that the LS-SVM model had higher accuracy in predictive and optimization capabilities, with higher antioxidant activity and lower relative deviations values, than did RSM. Hence, the LS-SVM model proved to be more effective for the analysis and improvement of the extraction process.
Topics: Antioxidants; Ethanol; Least-Squares Analysis; Polygala; Support Vector Machine; Ultrasonics
PubMed: 35630542
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103069 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2023Vascular endothelial cells play a vital role in the health and maintenance of vascular homeostasis, but hyperglycemia disrupts their function by increasing cellular...
Vascular endothelial cells play a vital role in the health and maintenance of vascular homeostasis, but hyperglycemia disrupts their function by increasing cellular oxidative stress. Resveratrol, a plant polyphenol, possesses antioxidant properties that can mitigate oxidative stress. Addressing the challenges of its limited solubility and stability, gold nanoparticles (GNps) were utilized as carriers. A microfluidic chip (MFC) with dynamic flow conditions was designed to simulate body vessels and to investigate the antioxidant properties of resveratrol gold nanoparticles (RGNps), citrate gold nanoparticles (CGNps), and free Resveratrol on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was employed to measure the extracellular antioxidant potential, and cell viability was determined using the Alamar Blue test. For assessing intracellular oxidative stress, the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay was conducted, and results from both the cell culture plate and MFC were compared. Free Resveratrol demonstrated peak DPPH scavenging activity but had a cell viability of about 24-35%. RGNPs, both 3.0 ± 0.5 nm and 20.2 ± 4.7 nm, consistently showed high cell viability (more than about 90%) across tested concentrations. Notably, RGNPs (20 nm) exhibited antioxidative properties through DPPH scavenging activity (%) in the range of approximately 38-86% which was greater than that of CGNps at about 21-32%. In the MFC,the DCFH-DA analysis indicated that RGNPs (20 nm) reduced cellular oxidative stress by 57-82%, surpassing both CGNps and free Resveratrol. Morphologically, cells in the MFC presented superior structure compared to those in traditional cell culture plates, and the induction of hyperglycemia successfully led to the formation of multinucleated variant endothelial cells (MVECs). The MFC provides a distinct advantage in observing cell morphology and inducing endothelial cell dysfunction. RGNps have demonstrated significant potential in alleviating oxidative stress and preventing endothelial cell disorders.
Topics: Humans; Antioxidants; Resveratrol; Gold; Metal Nanoparticles; Oxidative Stress; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Endothelium; Hyperglycemia; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Stilbenes
PubMed: 38049439
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47291-6 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2021Rosemary, oregano, pink savory, lemon balm, St. John's wort, and saffron are common herbs wildly grown and easily cultivated in many countries. All of them are rich in... (Review)
Review
Rosemary, oregano, pink savory, lemon balm, St. John's wort, and saffron are common herbs wildly grown and easily cultivated in many countries. All of them are rich in antioxidant compounds that exhibit several biological and health activities. They are commercialized as spices, traditional medicines, or raw materials for the production of essential oils. The whole herbs or the residues of their current use are potential sources for the recovery of natural antioxidant extracts. Finding effective and feasible extraction and purification methods is a major challenge for the industrial production of natural antioxidant extracts. In this respect, the present paper is an extensive literature review of the solvents and extraction methods that have been tested on these herbs. Green solvents and novel extraction methods that can be easily scaled up for industrial application are critically discussed.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biochemistry; Plants, Medicinal; Solvents
PubMed: 34069026
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102920 -
Pharmaceutical Biology Dec 2022and (Cordycipitaceae) are high-value fungi that are used for health-promoting food supplements. Since laboratory cultivation has begun for these fungi, increased... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparison of chemical profiles, antioxidation, inhibition of skin extracellular matrix degradation, and anti-tyrosinase activity between mycelium and fruiting body of and .
CONTEXT
and (Cordycipitaceae) are high-value fungi that are used for health-promoting food supplements. Since laboratory cultivation has begun for these fungi, increased output has been achieved.
OBJECTIVE
This study compared the chemical profiles, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and skin extracellular matrix degradation inhibition between mycelium and fruiting body of and .
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The antioxidative potential of 10% v/v aqueous infused extract from each fungus was separately investigated using 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant ability, and ferric thiocyanate methods. The inhibition against MMP-1, elastase, and hyaluronidase were determined to reveal their anti-wrinkle potential. Anti-tyrosinase activities were determined.
RESULTS
and extracts were found to contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, and adenosine. A correlation was discovered between the chemical compositions and their biological activities. The extract from fruiting body (IF) was highlighted as an extraordinary elastase inhibitor (IC = 0.006 ± 0.004 mg/mL), hyaluronidase inhibitor (IC: 30.3 ± 3.2 mg/mL), and antioxidant via radical scavenging (ABTS IC: 0.22 ± 0.02 mg/mL; DPPH IC: 0.05 ± 0.02 mg/mL), thereby reducing ability (EC: 95.3 ± 4.8 mM FeSO/g extract) and lipid peroxidation prevention (IC: 0.40 ± 0.11 mg/mL). IF had a three-times higher EC value than ascorbic acid and significantly higher elastase inhibition than epigallocatechin gallate.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
IF is proposed as a powerful natural extract with antioxidant and anti-wrinkle properties; therefore, it is suggested for further use in pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and nutraceutical industries.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Catechin; Cattle; Cordyceps; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Matrix; Free Radical Scavengers; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Mycelium; Skin; Skin Aging; Swine
PubMed: 35068295
DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2025255