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BioMed Research International 2020To study the effect of functional amino acids and the antioxidant function compound package on Huanjiang minipigs and to lay a foundation for the formulation of green...
To study the effect of functional amino acids and the antioxidant function compound package on Huanjiang minipigs and to lay a foundation for the formulation of green and efficient feed for Huanjiang minipigs, we added functional amino acids and the antioxidant function compound package to piglet feed for 28 days. After feeding, we detected the growth performance, biochemical indexes, inflammatory indexes, and intestinal disaccharidase of piglets. It was found that functional amino acids and the antioxidant compound package had certain effects on the growth performance and biochemical indexes of piglets and could reduce the level of IL-6 and increase the level of LZM and SIgA of piglets, and the levels of lactase and maltase in the intestine also increased significantly. The results showed that the compound package of functional amino acids and antioxidation could improve the growth performance and immunity of piglets and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients in piglets.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animal Feed; Animals; Antioxidants; Body Weight; Cytokines; Dietary Supplements; Digestion; Eating; Inflammation; Intestinal Mucosa; Swine; Swine, Miniature
PubMed: 33062668
DOI: 10.1155/2020/1475831 -
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents... 2019Chrysin is one of the flavonoids fruits, vegetables, and plant especially found in honey, it has been indicated that its cardiovascular protective effect is due to its... (Review)
Review
Chrysin is one of the flavonoids fruits, vegetables, and plant especially found in honey, it has been indicated that its cardiovascular protective effect is due to its antioxidative effects and anti inflammatory activities. Chrysin exerts an antioxidant effect by enhancing the antioxidant system, suppressing pro-oxidant enzymes, scavenging free radicals and chelating redox active transition metal ions. Chrysin decreases lipid synthesis and also increases its metabolism, thereby ameliorating blood lipid profile. Chrysin modulates vascular function by increasing the bioavailability of endothelial nitric oxide. Chrysin inhibits the development of atherosclerosis by decreasing vascular inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of chrysin may relate to its inhibitory effect on the nuclear transcriptional factor-kB signaling pathway. It also prevents vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and thrombogenesis. Altogether, chrysin may be effective as a natural agent for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases; however, several clinical trial studies should be done to confirm its protective effects on humans.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Flavonoids; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 30648526
DOI: 10.2174/1871525717666190114145137 -
FEBS Letters May 2022The global population increase has increased the demand for food products. However, post-harvest deterioration because of oxidation and discoloration results in a... (Review)
Review
The global population increase has increased the demand for food products. However, post-harvest deterioration because of oxidation and discoloration results in a drastic loss of food quality and supply. Thus, research has focused on developing strategies to minimize such losses. One of those strategies includes the application of ergothioneine (ET), a potent hydrophilic antioxidant, to several food products to overcome their short shelf-life. ET can be synthetic or derived from several species of edible mushrooms and their extracts, which are known sources of natural ET. Given the reported potential of ET in food quality preservation, this review compiles the recent applications of ET as a preservative for maintaining the quality of food commodities.
Topics: Agaricales; Antioxidants; Ergothioneine; Food Preservation; Food Quality
PubMed: 34951485
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14267 -
Free Radical Biology & Medicine Sep 2017Malaxinic acid (MA) is a phenolic acid compound, found mainly in pear fruits (Pyrus pyrifolia N.), that is isoprenylated on the C-3 position of benzoic acid. Recently,...
Malaxinic acid (MA) is a phenolic acid compound, found mainly in pear fruits (Pyrus pyrifolia N.), that is isoprenylated on the C-3 position of benzoic acid. Recently, the effects of prenylated phenolics on health have received much interest owing to their reported potent beneficial biological effects. We conducted a comparative study in rats to determine the metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and antioxidative activities of MA and its corresponding aglycone (MAA). MA and MAA were orally administered to rats (Sprague-Dawley, male, 6 weeks old) and their metabolites in plasma were analyzed. In addition, the MA metabolites in plasma were separated and the structures were confirmed via NMR and HR-MS analyses. The antioxidative activities of MA and MAA were evaluated by measuring their inhibitory effects on the 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride- or copper ion-induced lipid peroxidation of rat plasma. MA was not absorbed in the intact form (the glucoside); both MA and MAA were absorbed as MAA and its metabolite form (glucuronide or sulfate). Moreover, the observed metabolite was the glucuronate of MAA rather than the glucuronide or sulfate. Concentrations of the free form of aglycone (MA administration, 4.6 ± 2.2μM; MAA administration, 7.2 ± 2.3μM) and total MAA (MA administration, 19.6 ± 4.4μM; MAA administration, 21.7 ± 3.3μM) in plasma reached a maximum at 15min after the oral administration of MA and MAA, respectively. The relative inhibitory effects on the formation of cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides in plasma collected at 15min after the oral administration of MA, MAA, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA) were as follows: MAA > MA ≥ p-HBA > control. Although the majority of MA and MAA is metabolized to conjugates, the compounds may contribute to the antioxidant defenses in the blood circulation owing to the presence of a phenolic hydroxyl group in the free form.
Topics: Amidines; Animals; Antioxidants; Benzoic Acid; Biological Availability; Biotransformation; Fruit; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Pyrus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Terpenes
PubMed: 28669626
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.06.020 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2012Oxidative stress arises when there is a marked imbalance between the production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in favor of the prooxidant balance, leading... (Review)
Review
Oxidative stress arises when there is a marked imbalance between the production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in favor of the prooxidant balance, leading to potential oxidative damage. ROSs were considered traditionally to be only a toxic byproduct of aerobic metabolism. However, recently, it has become apparent that ROS might control many different physiological processes such as induction of stress response, pathogen defense, and systemic signaling. Thus, the imbalance of the increased antioxidant potential, the so-called antioxidative stress, should be as dangerous as well. Here, we synthesize increasing evidence on "antioxidative stress-induced" beneficial versus harmful roles on health, disease, and aging processes. Oxidative stress is not necessarily an un-wanted situation, since its consequences may be beneficial for many physiological reactions in cells. On the other hand, there are potentially harmful effects of "antioxidative stress," especially in the cases of overconsumption of synthetic antioxidants. Antioxidants can neutralize ROS and decrease oxidative stress; however, this is not always beneficial in regard to disease formation or progression (of, e.g., cancer) or for delaying aging.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Clinical Trials as Topic; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Neoplasms; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 22655114
DOI: 10.1155/2012/480895 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2023Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract (GT) caused by a wide range of genetic,... (Review)
Review
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract (GT) caused by a wide range of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. IBD is characterized by chronic inflammation and decreased gut microbial diversity, dysbiosis, with a lower number of beneficial bacteria and a concomitant increase in pathogenic species. It is well known that dysbiosis is closely related to the induction of inflammation and oxidative stress, the latter caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular antioxidant capacity, leading to cellular ROS accumulation. ROS are responsible for intestinal epithelium oxidative damage and the increased intestinal permeability found in IBD patients, and their reduction could represent a potential therapeutic strategy to limit IBD progression and alleviate its symptoms. Recent evidence has highlighted that dietary polyphenols, the natural antioxidants, can maintain redox equilibrium in the GT, preventing gut dysbiosis, intestinal epithelium damage, and radical inflammatory responses. Here, we suggest that the relatively new foodomics approaches, together with new technologies for promoting the antioxidative properties of dietary polyphenols, including novel delivery systems, chemical modifications, and combination strategies, may provide critical insights to determine the clinical value of polyphenols for IBD therapy and a comprehensive perspective for implementing natural antioxidants as potential IBD candidate treatment.
Topics: Humans; Polyphenols; Reactive Oxygen Species; Dysbiosis; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Inflammation; Antioxidants
PubMed: 37834065
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914619 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023Obesity is a global issue faced by many individuals worldwide. However, no drug has a pronounced effect with few side effects. Green tea, a well-known natural product,... (Review)
Review
Obesity is a global issue faced by many individuals worldwide. However, no drug has a pronounced effect with few side effects. Green tea, a well-known natural product, shows preventive effects against obesity by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing fat oxidation and antioxidant capacity. In contrast, other natural products are known to contribute to obesity. Relevant articles published on the therapeutic effect of natural products on obesity were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search was conducted by entering keywords such as "obesity", "natural product", and "clinical trial". The natural products were classified as single compounds, foods, teas, fruits, herbal medicines-single extract, herbal medicines-decoction, and herbal medicines-external preparation. Then, the mechanisms of these medicines were organized into lipid metabolism, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, appetite loss, and thermogenesis. This review aimed to assess the efficacy and mechanisms of effective natural products in managing obesity. Several clinical studies reported that natural products showed antiobesity effects, including (coffee), (green tea), (green algae), (garlic), combined Schrenk, L., and DC extract (known as Gambisan), Stapf, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, , , alba, and (known as Euiiyin-tang formula). Further studies are expected to refine the pharmacological effects of natural products for clinical use.
Topics: Humans; Biological Products; Plant Preparations; Tea; Allium; Antioxidants; Camellia sinensis
PubMed: 37764380
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186604 -
European Journal of Pharmaceutical... Aug 2023Esculetin (ELT) is one of the best-known and simplest coumarins with powerful natural antioxidant effects but insoluble and difficult to absorb. In order to overcome the...
Esculetin (ELT) is one of the best-known and simplest coumarins with powerful natural antioxidant effects but insoluble and difficult to absorb. In order to overcome the problems, cocrystal engineering was first applied to ELT in this paper. Nicotinamide (NAM) was selected as the coformer for its excellent water solubility and potential synergistic antioxidant effect with ELT. The structure of the ELT-NAM cocrystal was successfully prepared and characterized by IR, SCXRD, PXRD, and DSC-TG. Furthermore, the in vitro/vivo properties and antioxidant effects of the cocrystal were adequately studied. The results highlight that the ELT obtained tremendous improvements in water solubility and bioavailability after cocrystal formation. Meanwhile, the synergistic enhancement of ELT with NAM in antioxidant effect was demonstrated by the DPPH assay. Ultimately, the simultaneously optimized in vitro/vivo properties and antioxidant activity of the cocrystal created an improved practical effect of hepatoprotective in rat experiments. The investigation is significant for developing coumarin drugs represented by ELT.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Antioxidants; Crystallization; Niacinamide; Solubility; Water
PubMed: 37209999
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106469 -
Nutrients Oct 2022Deer antler is widely used as a nutraceutical in Asian countries. In the past decades, deer antler peptides (DAPs) have received considerable attention because of their... (Review)
Review
Deer antler is widely used as a nutraceutical in Asian countries. In the past decades, deer antler peptides (DAPs) have received considerable attention because of their various biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone damage, anti-neurological disease, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory properties. This review describes the production methods of DAPs and the recent progress of research on DAPs, focusing on the physiological functions and their regulatory mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Antlers; Deer; Peptides
PubMed: 36235835
DOI: 10.3390/nu14194183 -
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2021Citrus essential oils are widely used for aromatherapy and the alternative treatment of chronic diseases. Beyond the aroma substances, they are known to contain...
PURPOSE
Citrus essential oils are widely used for aromatherapy and the alternative treatment of chronic diseases. Beyond the aroma substances, they are known to contain bioactive nonvolatile components; however, little knowledge has been gained about nonvolatiles in the essential oil of pomelo ( Osbeck), the largest citrus fruit. The purpose of this study was to analyze the nonvolatile oxygenated heterocyclic compounds (OHCs) of pomelo essential oils and evaluate their in vitro antioxidant activities for further development.
METHODS
Cold-pressed essential oil (CPEO) and distilled essential oil (DEO) were obtained from the peel of the Liangping pomelo cultivar. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a photodiode array and fluorescence detection method was developed to identify and quantify the OHCs of the two essential oils. Ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO) radical scavenging assays were used to determine the antioxidative capabilities.
RESULTS
Thirteen OHCs were identified in CPEO. Coumarins such as meranzin (2.0 mmol L) and furanocoumarins such as isoimperatorin (1.3 mmol L) composed the majority of nonvolatiles in CPEO. These OHCs were characterized by high proportion (58%) of side chain epoxides. Five OHCs, namely, auraptenol, 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin (6',7'-DHB), imperatorin, isoimperatorin and 8-geranyloxypsoralen were first identified in pomelo CPEO. Eight OHCs were detected at trace amounts in pomelo DEO. Antioxidant assays showed that CPEO was multiple times more potent than DEO regarding the total reducing power and radical scavenging capacity. Clearance of PTIO, a stable reactive oxygen species, followed slow kinetics.
CONCLUSION
Coumarins and furanocoumarins, two families of OHCs, constituted most of the nonvolatile components in CPEO. The nonvolatiles contributed significantly to the in vitro antioxidant activity of CPEO. Pomelo CPEO showed good prospects as a potential long-lasting natural antioxidant.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrus; Heterocyclic Compounds; Molecular Structure; Oils, Volatile; Oxygen; Picrates
PubMed: 33688168
DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S299678