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Biomedicines Jul 2022Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) now represents the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide [...].
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) now represents the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide [...].
PubMed: 35885052
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071747 -
Biomedicines Aug 2022Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is referred to as the leading cause of irreversible visual loss in developed countries, with a profound effect on the quality of...
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is referred to as the leading cause of irreversible visual loss in developed countries, with a profound effect on the quality of life [...].
PubMed: 36009542
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081996 -
Biomedicines Jan 2024Gender-specific medicine consists of a transversal methodological approach that aims to study the influence of sex and gender on diseases [...].
Gender-specific medicine consists of a transversal methodological approach that aims to study the influence of sex and gender on diseases [...].
PubMed: 38397867
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020265 -
Biomedicines Apr 2023Apoptosis is a programmed cell death routine that plays an essential role in several biological processes, namely, embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and immune...
Apoptosis is a programmed cell death routine that plays an essential role in several biological processes, namely, embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and immune response [...].
PubMed: 37189814
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041196 -
Biomedicines Apr 2021In this Special Issue of Biomedicines, we have many insightful reviews and research papers on the subject "Macrophages in Health and Non-infectious Disease", but first;...
In this Special Issue of Biomedicines, we have many insightful reviews and research papers on the subject "Macrophages in Health and Non-infectious Disease", but first; we should discuss briefly the current situation in the field [...].
PubMed: 33922416
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050460 -
Biomedicines Dec 2022Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons resulting in dopamine deficiency in the . Given the... (Review)
Review
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons resulting in dopamine deficiency in the . Given the estimated escalation in the number of people with PD in the coming decades, interventions aimed at minimizing morbidity and improving quality of life are crucial. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are intrinsic factors related to PD pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence suggests that patients with PD might benefit from various forms of exercise in diverse ways, from general health improvements to disease-specific effects and, potentially, disease-modifying effects. However, the signaling and mechanism connecting skeletal muscle-increased activity and brain remodeling are poorly elucidated. In this review, we describe skeletal muscle-brain crosstalk in PD, with a special focus on mitochondrial effects, proposing mitochondrial dysfunction as a linker in the muscle-brain axis in this neurodegenerative disease and as a promising therapeutic target. Moreover, we outline how exercise secretome can improve mitochondrial health and impact the nervous system to slow down PD progression. Understanding the regulation of the mitochondrial function by exercise in PD may be beneficial in defining interventions to delay the onset of this neurodegenerative disease.
PubMed: 36551984
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123228 -
Biomedicines Dec 2023For a long time, the immune system has been considered responsible for only a minority of neurological conditions involving the central and peripheral nervous system...
For a long time, the immune system has been considered responsible for only a minority of neurological conditions involving the central and peripheral nervous system (CNS, PNS), respectively, namely multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis (with myastheniform syndromes) [...].
PubMed: 38137435
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123214 -
Biomedicines Mar 2021For years, plant-based remedies have been used as a traditional practice to treat and prevent a broad range of diseases [...].
For years, plant-based remedies have been used as a traditional practice to treat and prevent a broad range of diseases [...].
PubMed: 33808651
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030315 -
Biomedicines May 2020Scorpion venom may cause severe medical complications and untimely death if injected into the human body. Neurotoxins are the main components of scorpion venom that are... (Review)
Review
Scorpion venom may cause severe medical complications and untimely death if injected into the human body. Neurotoxins are the main components of scorpion venom that are known to be responsible for the pathological manifestations of envenoming. Besides neurotoxins, a wide range of other bioactive molecules can be found in scorpion venoms. Advances in separation, characterization, and biotechnological approaches have enabled not only the development of more effective treatments against scorpion envenomings, but have also led to the discovery of several scorpion venom peptides with interesting therapeutic properties. Thus, scorpion venom may not only be a medical threat to human health, but could prove to be a valuable source of bioactive molecules that may serve as leads for the development of new therapies against current and emerging diseases. This review presents both the detrimental and beneficial properties of scorpion venom toxins and discusses the newest advances within the development of novel therapies against scorpion envenoming and the therapeutic perspectives for scorpion toxins in drug discovery.
PubMed: 32408604
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8050118 -
Biomedicines May 2022The deregulation of apoptosis is involved in the development of several pathologies, and recent evidence suggests that apoptosis may be involved in chronic pain, namely... (Review)
Review
The deregulation of apoptosis is involved in the development of several pathologies, and recent evidence suggests that apoptosis may be involved in chronic pain, namely in neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain state caused by primary damage or dysfunction of the nervous system; however, the details of the molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Recently, it was found that nerve endings contain transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that sense and detect signals released by injured tissues and respond to these damage signals. TRP channels are similar to the voltage-gated potassium channels or nucleotide-gated channels that participate in calcium and magnesium homeostasis. TRP channels allowing calcium to penetrate into nerve terminals can activate apoptosis, leading to nerve terminal destruction. Further, some TRPs are activated by acid and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are mainly produced in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and an increase in ROS production and/or a decrease in the antioxidant network may induce oxidative stress (OS). Depending on the OS levels, they can promote cellular proliferation and/or cell degeneration or death. Previous studies have indicated that proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), play an important role in the peripheral mediation of neuropathic pain. This article aims to perform a review of the involvement of apoptosis in pain, particularly the role of OS and neuroinflammation, and the clinical relevance of this knowledge. The potential discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets can result in the development of more effective and targeted drugs to treat chronic pain, namely neuropathic pain. Highlights: Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation can activate cell signaling pathways that can lead to nerve terminal destruction by apoptosis. These could constitute potential new pain biomarkers and targets for therapy in neuropathic pain.
PubMed: 35740277
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061255