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Biomedicines Oct 2021Macrophages perform a variety of different biological functions and are known for their essential role in the immune response. In this context, a principal function is... (Review)
Review
Macrophages perform a variety of different biological functions and are known for their essential role in the immune response. In this context, a principal function is phagocytic clearance of pathogens, apoptotic and senescent cells. However, the major targets of homeostatic phagocytosis by macrophages are old/damaged red blood cells. As such, macrophages play a crucial role in iron trafficking, as they recycle the large quantity of iron obtained by hemoglobin degradation. They also seem particularly adapted to handle and store amounts of iron that would be toxic to other cell types. Here, we examine the specific and peculiar iron metabolism of macrophages.
PubMed: 34829813
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111585 -
Biomedicines Oct 2022This Special Issue was designed to attract articles that focused on the pleiotropic role of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcription...
This Special Issue was designed to attract articles that focused on the pleiotropic role of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcription factor in different facets of tumorigenesis [...].
PubMed: 36359209
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112689 -
Biomedicines Jan 2024Ceramics dominate clinical procedures in modern dentistry related to the artificial replacement of teeth with fixed dental prostheses, replacing metal-based frameworks...
Ceramics dominate clinical procedures in modern dentistry related to the artificial replacement of teeth with fixed dental prostheses, replacing metal-based frameworks on a large scale [...].
PubMed: 38397854
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020252 -
Biomedicines Nov 2022Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted a lot of interest directed towards biomedical applications due in part to their outstanding anti-microbial activities.... (Review)
Review
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted a lot of interest directed towards biomedical applications due in part to their outstanding anti-microbial activities. However, there have been many health-impacting concerns about their traditional synthesis methods, i.e., the chemical and physical methods. Chemical methods are commonly used and contribute to the overall toxicity of the AgNPs, while the main disadvantages of physical synthesis include high production costs and high energy consumption. The biological methods provide an economical and biocompatible option as they use microorganisms and natural products in the synthesis of AgNPs with exceptional biological properties. Plant extract-based synthesis has received a lot of attention and has been shown to resolve the limitations associated with chemical and physical methods. AgNPs synthesized using plant extracts provide a safe, cost-effective, and environment-friendly approach that produces biocompatible AgNPs with enhanced properties for use in a wide range of applications. The review focused on the use of plant-synthesized AgNPs in various biomedical applications as anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and drug-delivery agents. The versatility and potential use of green AgNPs in the bio-medicinal sector provides an innovative alternative that can overcome the limitations of traditional systems. Thus proving green nanotechnology to be the future for medicine with continuous progress towards a healthier and safer environment by forming nanomaterials that are low- or non-toxic using a sustainable approach.
PubMed: 36359308
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112792 -
Biomedicines Apr 2021Pituitary adenomas are tumors that arise in the anterior pituitary gland. They are the third most common cause of central nervous system (CNS) tumors among adults. Most... (Review)
Review
Pituitary adenomas are tumors that arise in the anterior pituitary gland. They are the third most common cause of central nervous system (CNS) tumors among adults. Most adenomas are benign and exert their effect via excess hormone secretion or mass effect. Clinical presentation of pituitary adenoma varies based on their size and hormone secreted. Here, we review some of the most common types of pituitary adenomas, their clinical presentation, and current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
PubMed: 33946142
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050494 -
Biomedicines Jan 2024Chronic disorders' complexity poses enormous challenges to our understanding of such disorders [...].
Chronic disorders' complexity poses enormous challenges to our understanding of such disorders [...].
PubMed: 38255236
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010131 -
Biomedicines Jan 2022The oral cavity can be regarded as the mirror of systemic health, since many systemic diseases may have manifestations in the oral cavity, as in the case, among oral,...
The oral cavity can be regarded as the mirror of systemic health, since many systemic diseases may have manifestations in the oral cavity, as in the case, among oral, potentially malignant disorders, of lupus erythematosus oral lichenoid lesions, and, vice-versa, oral diseases may affect systemic health, impairing patient's nutrition and wellbeing, reducing the quality of life and increasing stress and anxiety [...].
PubMed: 35052865
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010186 -
Biomedicines Feb 2021The disease-preventive and medicinal properties of plant polyphenolic compounds have long been known. As active ingredients, they are used to prevent and treat many... (Review)
Review
The disease-preventive and medicinal properties of plant polyphenolic compounds have long been known. As active ingredients, they are used to prevent and treat many noncommunicable diseases. In recent decades, marine macroalgae have attracted the attention of biotechnologists and pharmacologists as a promising and almost inexhaustible source of polyphenols. This heterogeneous group of compounds contains many biopolymers with unique structure and biological properties that exhibit high anti-infective activity. In the present review, the authors focus on the antiviral potential of polyphenolic compounds (phlorotannins) from marine algae and consider the mechanisms of their action as well as other biological properties of these compounds that have effects on the progress and outcome of viral infections. Effective nutraceuticals, to be potentially developed on the basis of algal polyphenols, can also be used in the complex therapy of viral diseases. It is necessary to extend in vivo studies on laboratory animals, which subsequently will allow proceeding to clinical tests. Polyphenolic compounds have a great potential as active ingredients to be used for the creation of new antiviral pharmaceutical substances.
PubMed: 33671278
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020200 -
Biomedicines Oct 2022Metal-based complexes contribute a vital part to the available arsenal of cytotoxic agents today [...].
Metal-based complexes contribute a vital part to the available arsenal of cytotoxic agents today [...].
PubMed: 36289835
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102573 -
Biomedicines Mar 2020Obesity adversely affects bone health by means of multiple mechanisms, e.g., alterations in bone-regulating hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Substantial... (Review)
Review
Obesity adversely affects bone health by means of multiple mechanisms, e.g., alterations in bone-regulating hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Substantial evidence supports the relationship between adiposity and bone disorders in overweight/obese individuals. It is well known that the balance between mutually exclusive differentiation of progenitor cells into osteoblasts or adipocytes is controlled by different agents, including growth factors, hormones, genetic and epigenetic factors. Furthermore, an association between vitamin D deficiency and obesity has been reported. On the other hand, regular physical activity plays a key role in weight control, in the reduction of obesity-associated risks and promotes osteogenesis. The aim of this review is to highlight relevant cellular and molecular aspects for over-weight containment. In this context, the modulation of progenitor cells during differentiation as well as the role of epigenetics and microbiota in obesity disease will be discussed. Furthermore, lifestyle changes including an optimized diet as well as targeted physical activity will be suggested as strategies for the treatment of obesity disease.
PubMed: 32121611
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030046