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The Pan African Medical Journal 2021Congenital segmental dilatation of the intestine is a rare disease. It is rarely located in the jejunum and its etiology is still unknown despite many theories...
Congenital segmental dilatation of the intestine is a rare disease. It is rarely located in the jejunum and its etiology is still unknown despite many theories suggesting its mechanism. We report a case of a 17 months girl who experienced nonspecific symptoms (abdominal pain, constipation and loss of appetite) since early her infancy. She had no growth retardation and had moderate abdominal distension on physical examination. Investigations undertaken could not increase suspicion of congenital segmental dilatation of the intestine (CSDI). The diagnosis was made peroperatively and a resection was done, followed by end-to-end jejunal anastomosis. There were no postoperative complications and the patient is doing well after four months. One should think of CSDI in children with chronic subocclusion or digestive hemorrhage.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Anastomosis, Surgical; Constipation; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Infant; Jejunal Diseases; Jejunum
PubMed: 33912292
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.122.27509 -
Folia Histochemica Et Cytobiologica 2017Gastrointestinal disorders become more prevalent with ageing. This study is aimed to describe morphological changes that occur in the jejunal mucosa of male albino rats...
INTRODUCTION
Gastrointestinal disorders become more prevalent with ageing. This study is aimed to describe morphological changes that occur in the jejunal mucosa of male albino rats as a result of ageing and the protec-tive effect of green tea (GT) extract.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experiment was performed on sixty rats: thirty young-adult (6-month old, body mass 200-220 g) and thirty old (24-month-old, body mass 220-260 g) animals. Each group was further divided into two subgroups (n = 15 each): control rats and GT-treated rats that received 1.5 mL (300 mg/kg/day) of GT extract for 14 weeks by oral gavage. Sections of the jejunum were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff, toluidine blue and Mallory trichrome methods. The presence of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)- and CD68-positive cells was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Ultrathin sections were prepared and examined by a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
RESULTS
Jejunal sections of the old control rats showed distortion of submucosa and attenuated muscularis externa with decreased height of intestinal villi. The villi also showed partial loss of acidophilic brush border with wide spaces between enterocytes. Swollen, short, blunt or broad villi with abundant mononuclear cell infiltration of lamina propria and congested blood vessels were evident both by light and electron microscopy. The number of PCNA- and CD68-positive cells in jejunal mucosa of old rats was higher than in young rats. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the mucosa of old control rats were lower, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher in the jejunal homogenates of old rats as compared to young control rats. Administration of GT extract protected the jejunal mucosa from age-related changes by restoring its histological structure. The treatment of old rats with GT extract significantly decreased MDA levels in the jejunum and increased TAC and GPX activity.
CONCLUSIONS
The age-related changes of the morphology of rat jejunum could be ameliorated by prolonged supplementation of the green tea extract.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Antioxidants; Immunohistochemistry; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Rats; Tea
PubMed: 28813122
DOI: 10.5603/FHC.a2017.0012 -
Journal of Anatomy Apr 1958
Topics: Electrons; Histological Techniques; Jejunum; Microscopy; Microscopy, Electron; Paneth Cells
PubMed: 13525239
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Biomedicine & Biotechnology 2011This study was to generate phasic and tonic stress-strain curves for evaluation of smooth muscle function in the obstructed guinea pig jejunum. Partial and sham...
This study was to generate phasic and tonic stress-strain curves for evaluation of smooth muscle function in the obstructed guinea pig jejunum. Partial and sham obstruction of the jejunum in guinea pigs was created surgically, with guinea pigs not being operated on served as normal controls. The animals survived 2, 4, 7, and 14 days, respectively. The jejunal segment was distended to 10 cm H(2)O. The pressure and outer diameter changes were recorded. Passive conditions were obtained by using papaverine. Total phasic, tonic, and passive circumferential stress and strain were computed from the diameter and pressure data with reference to the zero-stress-state geometry. The active phasic and tonic stresses were defined as the total phasic and tonic stress minus the passive stress. The thickness of intestinal muscle layers increased in a time-dependent manner after obstruction. The amplitude of passive, total phasic, total tonic, active phasic, and active tonic circumferential stresses increased as function of strain 7 days after obstruction. However, when normalized to muscle layer thickness, the amplitude of active stresses did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, the long-term-obstructed intestine exhibits increased total smooth muscle contraction force. However, the contraction force per smooth muscle unit did not increase.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Guinea Pigs; Hyperplasia; Hypertrophy; Intestinal Obstruction; Jejunum; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Pressure; Reflex, Stretch; Stress, Mechanical
PubMed: 22162636
DOI: 10.1155/2011/489720 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) May 2001
Review
Topics: Abdominal Injuries; Accidents, Traffic; Bicycling; Child; Humans; Jejunum; Male; Pancreatic Pseudocyst; Time Factors; Ultrasonography; Wounds, Nonpenetrating
PubMed: 11375234
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.322.7297.1288 -
Journal of Vascular and Interventional... Jul 2019To evaluate the feasibility of catheter-directed intra-arterial stem cell delivery of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the small bowel in a porcine model. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To evaluate the feasibility of catheter-directed intra-arterial stem cell delivery of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the small bowel in a porcine model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The cranial mesenteric artery of 6 Yucatan minipigs was selectively catheterized under fluoroscopic guidance following cut-down and carotid artery access. A proximal jejunal branch artery was selectively catheterized for directed delivery of embolic microspheres (100-300 μm) or MSCs (0.1-10 million cells). The pigs were euthanized after 4 hours and specimens collected from the proximal duodenum and the targeted segment of the jejunum. The Chiu/Park system for scoring intestinal ischemia was used to compare hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of jejunum and duodenum.
RESULTS
Successful delivery of microspheres or MSCs in a proximal jejunal branch artery of the cranial mesenteric artery was achieved in all subjects. Radiopaque microspheres and post-delivery angiographic evidence of stasis in the targeted vessels were observed on fluoroscopy after delivery of embolics. Preserved blood flow was observed after MSC delivery in the targeted vessel. The Chiu/Park score for intestinal ischemia in the targeted proximal jejunal segments were similar for microspheres (4, 4; n = 2) and MSCs (4, 4, 4, 3; n = 4), indicating moderate ischemic effects that were greater than for control duodenal tissue (3, 1; 0, 0, 3, 3).
CONCLUSIONS
Selective arteriographic deployment of MSCs in swine is feasible for study of directed intestinal stem cell delivery. In this study, directed therapy resulted in intestinal ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Catheterization, Peripheral; Duodenum; Embolization, Therapeutic; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Ischemia; Jejunum; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenteric Arteries; Models, Animal; Radiography, Interventional; Risk Factors; Swine; Swine, Miniature
PubMed: 30852052
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.09.034 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Aug 2011
Topics: Female; Humans; Jejunum; Male; Salvage Therapy; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 21704576
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.02.021 -
Neurogastroenterology and Motility Jul 2008Extrinsic denervation contributes to enteric motor dysfunction after small bowel transplantation (SBT). Our aim was to determine changes in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic...
Extrinsic denervation contributes to enteric motor dysfunction after small bowel transplantation (SBT). Our aim was to determine changes in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic innervation with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and substance P (Sub P) in rat jejunal circular muscle after SBT. Muscle strips were studied in tissue chambers from six groups of rats (n > or = 6 per group): naïve controls (NC), animals 1 week after anaesthesia/sham celiotomy (SC-1), and 1 and 8 weeks after jejunal and ileal transection/reanastomosis (TA-1, TA-8) and after syngeneic, orthotopic SBT (SBT-1, SBT-8). Response to exogenous VIP and Sub P and their endogenous release during electrical field stimulation (EFS) were studied. Exogenous VIP and Sub P caused a dose-dependent inhibition and stimulation of mechanical activity in all groups respectively (P < 0.05). The responses to VIP and Sub P were decreased (compared to NC) in all groups at 1 and 8 weeks postoperatively. The VIP antagonist ([D-p-Cl-Phe(6),Leu(17)]-VIP) did not prevent the inhibition by exogenous VIP in any group, while the Sub P antagonist ([D-Pro(2),D-Trp(7,9)]-Sub P) prevented the effect of exogenous Sub P in NC, TA-8 and SBT-8 (P < 0.05). Responses to exogenous VIP were unaffected by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor l-N(G)-nitro arginine and precontraction of muscle strips with Sub P. Endogenous release of VIP and Sub P during EFS was preserved after SBT. In circular muscle of rat jejunum, changes in neuromuscular transmission with VIP and Sub P during the first 8 weeks after SBT are not mediated by extrinsic denervation.
Topics: Animals; Denervation; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Humans; Jejunum; Male; Muscle Contraction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
PubMed: 18282172
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01083.x -
Transplantation Proceedings Oct 2012To study whether treatment with the beta-blocker atenolol (AT) attenuates intestinal dysfunction caused by ischemia (I) and reperfusion (R), rats were treated with AT...
To study whether treatment with the beta-blocker atenolol (AT) attenuates intestinal dysfunction caused by ischemia (I) and reperfusion (R), rats were treated with AT (1.5 mg · kg(-1), intravenously) or saline solution (SS) prior to I (60 minutes), which was produced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery, and/or R (120 minutes). After I or I/R, 2-cm jejunal segments were mounted in an organ bath to study neurogenic contractions stimulated by electrical pulses or KCl using a digital recording system. Thin jejunal slices were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for optical microscopy analysis. Compared to the sham group, jejunal contractions were similar in the I + AT and the I/R + AT groups, but reduced in the I + SS and the I/R + SS groups. The jejunal enteric nerves were damaged in the I + SS and the I/R + SS groups, but not in the I + AT and the I/R + AT. These results suggest that AT may attenuate intestinal dysfunction caused by I and I/R.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Atenolol; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Enteric Nervous System; Gastrointestinal Agents; Gastrointestinal Motility; Jejunum; Male; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury
PubMed: 23026582
DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.07.058 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Jul 1986Disposition of paracetamol oral elixir was determined in two male patients after administration via feeding jejunostomy and compared with four male controls who received... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Disposition of paracetamol oral elixir was determined in two male patients after administration via feeding jejunostomy and compared with four male controls who received the same dose by mouth. Area under the plasma concentration-time curve, elimination half-life, and time to maximum concentration were similar in both groups after 650 mg paracetamol elixir. The absolute amounts and ratio of paracetamol glucuronide to sulphate, the major urinary metabolites after therapeutic paracetamol doses, were similar after jejunal administration as compared to oral administration. Paracetamol is absorbed and biotransformed in a similar manner after either jejunal or oral administration. Therefore, it may be administered effectively via jejunostomy tube in patients who require this route of administration.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Administration, Oral; Aged; Enteral Nutrition; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Jejunum; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 3091054
DOI: No ID Found