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Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Jun 2012Measles, mumps, and rubella are viral diseases that may adversely affect nonimmune pregnant women and their fetuses/neonates. Prevention of these diseases and their... (Review)
Review
Measles, mumps, and rubella are viral diseases that may adversely affect nonimmune pregnant women and their fetuses/neonates. Prevention of these diseases and their complications can be achieved through measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination before pregnancy. The vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy, because it contains live, attenuated viruses that pose a theoretical risk to the fetus. However, accidental receipt of MMR vaccination is not known to cause maternal/fetal complications. MMR immunization is recommended to nonimmune obstetric patients upon completion or termination of pregnancy.
Topics: Contraindications; Female; Health Promotion; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunologic Factors; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Measles; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Mumps; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Rubella; Vulnerable Populations
PubMed: 22510638
DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e31824df256 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood Oct 1997(1) Recurrent parotitis is probably caused by a congenital abnormality of the salivary gland ducts with recurrent attacks of ascending infection, perhaps aided by... (Review)
Review
(1) Recurrent parotitis is probably caused by a congenital abnormality of the salivary gland ducts with recurrent attacks of ascending infection, perhaps aided by dehydration. The parotid gland is predominantly affected probably because of its lower rate of secretion compared with the submandibular gland. (2) The condition mainly affects children between the ages of 3 and 6, with males being more commonly affected. The symptoms peak in the first year of school, and usually, but not invariably, begin to subside at puberty. By the age of 22, most patients are completely symptom-free. When the disease starts after puberty, females are predominantly affected. (3) Ultrasound is the appropriate initial investigation, and is usually supplemented by sialography. The sialography may itself cause a resolution of symptoms. (4) Treatment is conservative in the first instance, and an expectant policy is indicated. More aggressive treatment is justified only for those adults with persistent problems. This may be parotid duct ligation, parotidectomy, or tympanic neurectomy, depending upon the preference and experience of the treating physician.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Male; Parotitis; Recurrence; Sialography
PubMed: 9389246
DOI: 10.1136/adc.77.4.359 -
Reumatologia Clinica May 2023Salivary gland ultrasound (SGU) provides information about structural gland abnormalities that can be graded and used for primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) diagnosis....
BACKGROUND
Salivary gland ultrasound (SGU) provides information about structural gland abnormalities that can be graded and used for primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) diagnosis. Its potential role as a prognostic marker for detecting patients at high risk of lymphoma and extra-glandular manifestations is still under evaluation. We aim to assess the usefulness of SGU for SS diagnosis in routine clinical practice and its relationship with extra-glandular involvement and lymphoma risk in pSS patients.
METHODS
We designed a retrospective observational single-center study. Data was collected using the electronic health records of patients referred to an ultrasound outpatient clinic for evaluation over a 4-year period. Data extraction included demographics, comorbidities, clinical data, laboratory tests, SGU results, salivary gland (SG) biopsy, and scintigraphy results. Comparisons were made between patients with and without pathological SGU. The external criterion for comparison was the fulfillment of the 2016 ACR/EULAR pSS criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 179 SGU assessments were included from this 4-year period. Twenty-four cases (13.4%) were pathological. The most frequently diagnosed conditions prior to SGU-detected pathologies were pSS (9.7%), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (13.1%), and systemic lupus (4.6%). One hundred and two patients (57%) had no previous diagnosis (sicca syndrome work-up); of these, 47 patients (46.1%) were ANA positive and 25 (24.5%) anti-SSA positive. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of SGU for SS diagnosis were 48% and 98% respectively, with a positive predictive value of 95%. There were statistically significant relationships between a pathological SGU and the presence of recurrent parotitis (p=.0083), positive anti-SSB antibodies (p=.0083), and a positive sialography (p=.0351).
CONCLUSIONS
SGU shows high global specificity but low sensitivity for pSS diagnosis in routine care. Pathological SGU findings are associated with positive autoantibodies (ANA and anti-SSB) and recurrent parotitis.
Topics: Humans; Parotitis; Retrospective Studies; Salivary Glands; Autoantibodies; Sjogren's Syndrome
PubMed: 37147062
DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2022.09.002 -
British Medical Journal Feb 1973
Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Viral; Mumps; Orchitis; Pain; Pregnancy
PubMed: 4685627
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5849.338 -
British Medical Journal May 1967
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Humans; Parotitis; Sarcoidosis; Uveitis
PubMed: 6023961
DOI: No ID Found -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Feb 2015Mumps is an acute, viral illness transmitted by respiratory droplets and saliva. A number of studies published in China have suggested that acupuncture is beneficial for... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Mumps is an acute, viral illness transmitted by respiratory droplets and saliva. A number of studies published in China have suggested that acupuncture is beneficial for children with mumps but the literature reporting the benefits or harms of acupuncture for mumps has not been systematically reviewed.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for children with mumps.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched CENTRAL (2014, Issue 11), MEDLINE (1950 to November week 3, 2014), EMBASE (1974 to December 2014), CINAHL (1981 to December 2014), AMED (1985 to December 2014), the Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) (1979 to November 2014), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (1979 to November 2014), Chinese Technology Periodical Database (CTPD) (1989 to November 2014) and Wanfang database (1982 to November 2014). We also handsearched a number of journals (from first issue to current issue).
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials comparing acupuncture with placebo acupuncture, no management, Chinese medication, Western medication or other treatments for mumps. Acupuncture included either traditional acupuncture or contemporary acupuncture, regardless of the source of stimulation (body, electro, scalp, fire, hand, fine needle, moxibustion).
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors independently extracted data. We identified no trials for inclusion in this updated review.
MAIN RESULTS
No study met our inclusion criteria.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
We could not reach any conclusion about the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as we identified no trials for inclusion in this review. More high-quality research is needed.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Child; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Fever; Humans; Mumps
PubMed: 25922859
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008400.pub3 -
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences Jan 2017Chronic recurrent non-specific parotitis is characterized by recurrent episodes of swelling and pain of unknown etiology in the parotid gland. Sialography is a hallmark... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Chronic recurrent non-specific parotitis is characterized by recurrent episodes of swelling and pain of unknown etiology in the parotid gland. Sialography is a hallmark in the diagnosis of salivary gland disorders; newer imaging modalities like CT-Sialography, sialoendoscopy and MRI can be used. Various treatment modalities have been tried, from conservative approach to surgical excision depending on the recurrence rate and severity of the condition. Although symptomatic treatment with antibiotics and analgesic, injection of intraductal medicament, aggressive treatment like duct ligation or excision of gland are some of the treatment modalities, there is no established algorithm as to which treatment method should be opted in such clinical situation.
CASE DETAIL
A 20 years old male patient reported with pain and salty taste in the mouth that had began before a week. Examination revealed an elevated right parotid papilla; ropy, cloudy appearing saliva was oozing out on milking the gland. Unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary flow rate was assessed using drooling method. Sialography was used as a diagnostic and a therapeutic aid. In our case, sialography as a treatment showed a good response with no recurrence after two years of follow-up. We highlighted the role of sialography as a therapeutic aid.
CONCLUSION
Recurrent attacks significantly affect the quality of life and also lead to progressive gland destruction. Preventing or reducing the frequency of recurrence remains the goal of therapeutic procedure. Hence, conventional sialography is useful in the diagnosis and also effective as a therapeutic aid in recurrent parotitis.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Parotid Gland; Parotitis; Recurrence; Salivary Glands; Sialography; Young Adult
PubMed: 28458496
DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v27i1.13 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Mar 2020Mumps is an acute viral infection characterized by inflammation of the parotid and other salivary glands. Persons with mumps are infectious from 2 days before through 5... (Review)
Review
Mumps is an acute viral infection characterized by inflammation of the parotid and other salivary glands. Persons with mumps are infectious from 2 days before through 5 days after parotitis onset, and transmission is through respiratory droplets. Despite the success of mumps vaccination programs in the United States and parts of Europe, a recent increase in outbreaks of mumps virus infections among fully vaccinated populations has been reported. Although the effectiveness of the mumps virus component of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is suboptimal, a range of contributing factors has led to these outbreaks occurring in high-vaccination-coverage settings, including the intensity of exposure, the possibility of vaccine strain mismatch, delayed implementation of control measures due to the timeliness of reporting, a lack of use of appropriate laboratory tests (such as reverse transcription-PCR), and time since last vaccination. The resurgence of mumps virus infections among previously vaccinated individuals over the past decade has prompted discussions about new strategies to mitigate the risk of future outbreaks. The decision to implement a third dose of the MMR vaccine in response to an outbreak should be considered in discussions with local public health agencies. Traditional public health measures, including the isolation of infectious persons, timely contact tracing, and effective communication and awareness education for the public and medical community, should remain key interventions for outbreak control. Maintaining high mumps vaccination coverage remains key to U.S. and global efforts to reduce disease incidence and rates of complications.
Topics: Disease Outbreaks; Humans; Immunization Programs; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Mumps; Vaccination Coverage
PubMed: 32102901
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00151-19 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Dec 2017Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is a rare disease of childhood occurring between the ages of 3 and 5 years, characterized by recurrent non-suppurative parotitis,... (Review)
Review
Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is a rare disease of childhood occurring between the ages of 3 and 5 years, characterized by recurrent non-suppurative parotitis, spontaneously evolving towards parotid gland dysfunction. Clinically, JRP presents in the form of unilateral or bilateral, usually asynchronous, swelling of the parotid gland. The diagnosis is based on ultrasound characteristics. Widespread use of sialendoscopy has opened up new prospects for the management of this disease. This review of the literature evaluates the role of sialendoscopy in the management of JRP. A Medline search retrieved 68 articles, 18 of which concerned JRP. Standard treatment consists of antibiotics for at least 10 days at the acute phase of the disease. All studies demonstrated the diagnostic value of sialendoscopy by visualizing strictures, hypovascularization and whitish intraductal debris. Sialendoscopy is also useful for treatment, by allowing intraductal lavage and, when possible, dilatation of strictures. Lavage is performed with saline solution, hydrocortisone, antibiotics or a combination of these solutions, with no significant differences in terms of efficacy. The mode of administration with or without sialendoscopy also appears to provide similar results. Sialendoscopy appears to be a diagnostic and therapeutic option, although it has not been shown to be more effective than simple lavage. All lavage solutions appear to be effective.
Topics: Endoscopes; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Parotitis; Patient Satisfaction; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28669808
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2017.06.004 -
The Journal of Pediatrics Dec 2021To assess pediatricians' mumps knowledge and testing practices, to identify physician and practice characteristics associated with mumps testing practices, and to assess...
OBJECTIVES
To assess pediatricians' mumps knowledge and testing practices, to identify physician and practice characteristics associated with mumps testing practices, and to assess reporting and outbreak response knowledge and practices.
STUDY DESIGN
Between January and April 2020, we surveyed a nationally representative network of pediatricians. Descriptive statistics were generated for all items. The χ test, t tests, and Poisson regression were used to compare physician and practice characteristics between respondents who would rarely or never versus sometimes or often/always test for mumps in a vaccinated 17-year-old with parotitis in a non-outbreak setting.
RESULTS
The response rate was 67% (297 of 444). For knowledge, more than one-half of the pediatricians responded incorrectly or "don't know" for 6 of the 9 true/false statements about mumps epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention, and more than one-half reported needing additional guidance on mumps buccal swab testing. For testing practices, 59% of respondents reported they would sometimes (35%) or often/always (24%) test for mumps in a vaccinated 17-year-old with parotitis in a non-outbreak setting; older physicians, rural physicians, and physicians from the Northeast or Midwest were more likely to test for mumps. Thirty-six percent of the pediatricians reported they would often/always report a patient with suspected mumps to public health authorities.
CONCLUSIONS
Pediatricians report mumps knowledge gaps and practices that do not align with public health recommendations. These gaps may lead to underdiagnosis and underreporting of mumps cases, delaying public health response measures and contributing to ongoing disease transmission.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mumps; Mumps Vaccine; Pediatrics; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Surveys and Questionnaires; United States
PubMed: 34453916
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.08.036