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Biomolecules Mar 2021Tannins are a family of versatile, natural phenolic biomolecules whose main role is to protect plants against insects and fungi [...].
Tannins are a family of versatile, natural phenolic biomolecules whose main role is to protect plants against insects and fungi [...].
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Coloring Agents; Humans; Plants; Serum Albumin; Tannins
PubMed: 33809775
DOI: 10.3390/biom11030442 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Oct 2022In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the pharmacological efficacy of tannins. Tannic acid (TA), the simplest hydrolysable tannin that has been approved... (Review)
Review
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the pharmacological efficacy of tannins. Tannic acid (TA), the simplest hydrolysable tannin that has been approved by the FDA as a safe food additive, is one of the most important components of these traditional medicines. Studies have shown that TA displays a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antitumor, cardioprotective, and anti-pathogenic effects. Here, we summarize the known pharmacological effects and associated mechanisms of TA. We focus on the effect and mechanism of TA in various animal models of inflammatory disease and organ, brain, and cardiovascular injury. Moreover, we discuss the possible molecular targets and signaling pathways of TA, in addition to the pharmacological effects of TA-based nanoparticles and TA in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs.
Topics: Animals; Nanoparticles; Signal Transduction; Tannins
PubMed: 36029537
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113561 -
Microbiology Spectrum Feb 2023Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), recurrently reported as an urgent threat owing to its increased prevalence and mortality, has attracted significant attention....
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), recurrently reported as an urgent threat owing to its increased prevalence and mortality, has attracted significant attention. As the use of antibiotics to treat CDI has many limitations, such as high recurrence rate, the need to actively seek and develop other drugs that can effectively treat CDI with fewer side effects has become a key issue in CDI prevention and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Galla chinensis (GC) and its main component, tannic acid (TA), against C. difficile and its therapeutic effect on CDI . When GC and TA concentrations were 250 and 64 mg/L, respectively, the cumulative antibacterial rate against C. difficile reached 100%. The sub-MIC of TA significantly inhibited C. difficile sporulation, toxin production, and biofilm formation . Compared with the CDI control group, TA-treated mice lost less weight and presented a significantly improved survival rate. TA significantly reduced the number of spores in feces, decreased serum TcdA level, and increased serum interleukin 10 (IL-10). Based on the inhibitory effect of TA on C. difficile and its therapeutic effect on the CDI mouse model, we consider TA as a potentially effective drug for treating CDI. Clostridioides difficile is one of the major pathogens to cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Although antibiotic treatment is still the most commonly used and effective treatment for CDI, the destruction of indigenous intestinal microbiota by antibiotics is the main reason for the high CDI recurrence rate of about 20%, which is increasing every year. Moreover, the growing problem of drug resistance has also become a major hidden danger in antibiotic treatment. GC has been used to treat diarrhea in traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of TA, the main component of GC, on dissemination and pathogenic physiological functions of C. difficile , as well as its therapeutic efficacy in a CDI model. Overall, TA is considered to be a potentially effective drug for CDI treatment.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Clostridioides; Clostridioides difficile; Clostridium Infections; Diarrhea; Tannins
PubMed: 36537806
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02618-22 -
Food Chemistry Nov 2022Antinutrients (ANs) interact with proteins changing its behavior and may affect Maillard reaction (MR). This work aimed to study the effect of phytic acid, tannic acid,...
Antinutrients (ANs) interact with proteins changing its behavior and may affect Maillard reaction (MR). This work aimed to study the effect of phytic acid, tannic acid, and saponin on asparagine-glucose MR. The effect of AN concentration (0-1 mM) and reaction time (3-30 min at 150 °C) on the formation of melanoidins and acrylamide was determined. Other MR compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance. The ANs effect on asparagine-glucose thermal behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Results showed that ANs increase the melanoidins formation. Acrylamide content increased in saponin and phytic acid presence. The volatile profile was similar among the samples and formed mainly by pyrazines (>50%). ANs affect glucose's melting point, however, only phytic acid and saponin affect asparagine and glucose thermal behavior. The results presented in this work are important for food science and the industry to control MR in processed foods.
Topics: Acrylamide; Asparagine; Glucose; Hot Temperature; Maillard Reaction; Phytic Acid; Saponins; Tannins
PubMed: 35749878
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133518 -
Human & Experimental Toxicology 2022Epileptic seizures are associated with the release of potentially neurotoxic amount of glutamate, which results in the over-production of free radicals and inflammatory...
BACKGROUND
Epileptic seizures are associated with the release of potentially neurotoxic amount of glutamate, which results in the over-production of free radicals and inflammatory factors, and induction of neuronal cell death. Current study evaluated the effect of tannic acid (TA) on Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in mice.
METHODS
Mice were divided into the six groups. Group I was administrated with normal saline (NS; 1 mL/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)), Group II was injected with KA (15 mg/kg, i.p.), Groups III was treated with diazepam (DZ; 20 mg/kg, i.p.) and KA (15 mg/kg, i.p.), Groups IV-VI were treated with TA (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) and KA (15 mg/kg, i.p.). Animals received all treatments 30 min before injection of KA. After the injection of KA, mice were observed for seizure (latency, activity and duration) and mortality for 2 h. In the brain tissue, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory markers were evaluated in addition to the determination of histological alterations in the CA1 molecular layer of hippocampus.
RESULTS
reatment with TA significantly increased latency could not significantly decrease mice mortality. treatment with TA significantly improved KA-induced pyramidal cell loss and change in the arrangement of CA1 molecular layer.
CONCLUSIONS
Tannic acid may be useful in the control of epileptic seizures through regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.
Topics: Animals; Hippocampus; Inflammation; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Seizures; Tannins
PubMed: 35544363
DOI: 10.1177/09603271221093989 -
International Journal of Biological... 2022Tannins are polyphenols enriched in wood, bark, roots, leaves, seeds and fruits of a variety of plants. Over the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest... (Review)
Review
Tannins are polyphenols enriched in wood, bark, roots, leaves, seeds and fruits of a variety of plants. Over the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest in understanding the biological functions of tannins and their applications as antioxidants, anticancer drugs, and food additives. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, much effort has been devoted to finding an expedient cure. Tannins have been put forward as having possible anti-COVID-19 properties; however, owing to the profuse nature of the structurally diverse derivatives of tannins, the tannin species in the family associated with an indication of anti-COVID-19 have been poorly defined, compounded by frequent terminology misnomers. This article reviews the tannin family in fruits and the current knowledge about the activities of the compounds with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It will aid molecular and cellular biologists in developing natural anti-viral chemicals as means of overcoming the current and future pandemics.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Humans; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Tannins; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
PubMed: 35874955
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.74676 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021Tannic acid is a chief gallo-tannin belonging to the hydrolysable tannins extracted from gall nuts and other plant sources. A myriad of pharmaceutical and biological... (Review)
Review
Tannic acid is a chief gallo-tannin belonging to the hydrolysable tannins extracted from gall nuts and other plant sources. A myriad of pharmaceutical and biological applications in the medical field has been well recognized to tannic acid. Among these effects, potential anticancer activities against several solid malignancies such as liver, breast, lung, pancreatic, colorectal and ovarian cancers have been reported. Tannic acid was found to play a maestro-role in tuning several oncological signaling pathways including JAK/STAT, RAS/RAF/mTOR, TGF-β1/TGF-β1R axis, VEGF/VEGFR and CXCL12/CXCR4 axes. The combinational beneficial effects of tannic acid with other conventional chemotherapeutic drugs have been clearly demonstrated in literature such as a synergistic anticancer effect and enhancement of the chemo-sensitivity in several resistant cases. Yet, clinical applications of tannic acid have been limited owing to its poor lipid solubility, low bioavailability, off-taste, and short half-life. To overcome such obstacles, novel drug delivery systems have been employed to deliver tannic acid with the aim of improving its applications and/or efficacy against cancer cells. Among these drug delivery systems are several types of organic and metallic nanoparticles. In this review, the authors focus on the molecular mechanisms of tannic acid in tuning several neoplastic diseases as well as novel drug delivery systems that can be used for its clinical applications with an attempt to provide a systemic reference to promote the development of tannic acid as a cheap drug and/or drug delivery system in cancer management.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Hydrolyzable Tannins; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Tannins
PubMed: 33803294
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051486 -
PloS One 2023Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the most potent pro-inflammatory cytokines implicated in a wide range of autoinflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and degenerative...
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the most potent pro-inflammatory cytokines implicated in a wide range of autoinflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and degenerative diseases. Therefore, many researchers have focused on developing therapeutic molecules that inhibit IL-1β-IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) interaction for the treatment of IL-1-related diseases. Among IL-1-related diseases, osteoarthritis (OA), is characterized by progressive cartilage destruction, chondrocyte inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Tannic acid (TA) has been proposed to have multiple beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor activities. However, it is unclear whether TA plays a role in anti-IL-1β activity by blocking IL-1β-IL-1R1 interaction in OA. In this study, we report the anti-IL-1β activity of TA in the progression of OA in both in vitro human OA chondrocytes and in vivo rat OA models. Herein, using-ELISA-based screening, natural compound candidates capable of inhibiting the IL-1β-IL-1R1 interaction were identified. Among selected candidates, TA showed hindering IL-1β-IL-1R1 interaction by direct binding to IL-1β using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay. In addition, TA inhibited IL-1β bioactivity in HEK-Blue IL-1-dependent reporter cell line. TA also inhibited IL-1β-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in human OA chondrocytes. Moreover, TA downregulated IL-1β-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3, MMP13, ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif (ADAMTS)4, and ADAMTS5, while upregulating collagen type II (COL2A1) and aggrecan (ACAN). Mechanistically, we confirmed that TA suppressed IL-1β-induced MAPK and NF-κB activation. The protective effects of TA were also observed in a monosodium iodoacetamide (MIA)-induced rat OA model by reducing pain and cartilage degradation and inhibiting IL-1β-mediated inflammation. Collectively, our results provide evidence that TA plays a potential role in OA and IL-1β-related diseases by hindering IL-1β-IL-1R1 interaction and suppressing IL-1β bioactivity.
Topics: Rats; Humans; Animals; Interleukin-1beta; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; NF-kappa B; Inflammation; Cartilage; Osteoarthritis; Chondrocytes; Tannins; Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 37079558
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281834 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2022Carbon dots (CDs) are widely used nanomaterials that not only exhibit good biocompatibility and photostability, but also benefit from a simple preparation process and...
Carbon dots (CDs) are widely used nanomaterials that not only exhibit good biocompatibility and photostability, but also benefit from a simple preparation process and easy functionalization, making them promising for broad applications in the fields of heavy metal ion detection and optoelectronic devices. Based on the excellent optical properties of CDs and the current situation of increasing energy shortages, this paper selects the natural polyphenolic compound tannic acid (TA) found in biomass materials as the carbon source and innovatively adopts a simple and convenient solvent-free pyrolysis method without auxiliary reagents or solvents. The CDs with good water solubility and certain fluorescence properties were directly prepared under the condition of high temperature, and the obtained CDs exhibited blue fluorescence, and a high QY of 35.4% was obtained at 300 °C. The analysis and results demonstrate the selectivity of these CDs for the detection of various metal ion solutions. In particular, these CDs are sensitive to Ni and can be used as fluorescent sensors for the efficient and sustainable detection of Ni, whereas previous sensors were often specific to Fe and Hg. Thus, a new sensing technique has been developed for the detection of Ni to achieve more sensitive and rapid detection.
Topics: Carbon; Fluorescent Dyes; Quantum Dots; Solvents; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Tannins
PubMed: 35743129
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126681 -
Poultry Science Nov 2022Infection by Salmonella Typhimurium, a food-borne pathogen, can reduce the poultry production efficiency. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of...
Infection by Salmonella Typhimurium, a food-borne pathogen, can reduce the poultry production efficiency. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tannic acid (TA) supplementation on growth performance, Salmonella colonization, gut barrier integrity, serum endotoxin levels, antioxidant capacity, gut health, and immune function in broilers infected with the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium nalidixic acid resistant strain (ST). A total of 546 one-day-old broilers were arbitrarily allocated into 6 treatments including 1) Sham-challenged control (SCC; birds fed a basal diet and administrated peptone water); 2) Challenged control (CC; birds fed a basal diet and inoculated with 10 ST); 3) Tannic acid 0.25 (TA0.25; CC + 0.25 g/kg TA); 4) TA0.5 (CC + 0.5 g/kg TA); 5) TA1 (CC + 1 g/kg TA); and 6) TA2 (CC + 2 g/kg TA). On D 7, supplemental TA linearly reduced ST colonization in the ceca (P < 0.01), and TA1 and TA2 group had significantly lower reduced ST colonization in the ceca (P < 0.01). On D 7 to 21, average daily gain tended to be linearly increased by supplemental TA (P = 0.097). The serum endotoxin levels were quadratically decreased by supplemental TA on D 21 (P < 0.05). Supplemental TA quadratically increased ileal villus height (VH; P < 0.05), and the TA0.25 group had higher ileal VH compared to the CC group (P < 0.05). Supplemental TA linearly increased percentage of peripheral blood CD8 T cells on D 18 (P < 0.01). The TA0.5 group had significantly lower lymphocyte numbers compared to the CC groups (P < 0.05). The abundance of monocytes linearly increased with TA supplementation (P < 0.01). Therefore, broilers fed TA had reduced ST colonization, increased growth performance, decreased serum endotoxin levels, enhanced gut health in the broilers, and stimulated the immune system in broilers infected with ST. Supplementation of TA (1-2 g/kg) enhanced growth performance and gut health via antimicrobial and immunostimulatory effects in broilers infected with ST.
Topics: Animals; Salmonella typhimurium; Chickens; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Poultry Diseases; Animal Feed; Tannins; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Diet; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dietary Supplements; Immunity; Endotoxins
PubMed: 36081234
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102111