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Ugeskrift For Laeger Jan 2022This is a review of temporary abdominal closure (TAC) strategies are necessary in cases where definitive surgery is not possible. Indications for TAC include damage... (Review)
Review
This is a review of temporary abdominal closure (TAC) strategies are necessary in cases where definitive surgery is not possible. Indications for TAC include damage control due to unstable physiology, the need for a second look, or lacking technical possibility for fascial closure. The superior method of TAC is vacuum-assisted closure (VAC), with or without a traction mesh. All TAC strategies, including VAC, are associated with an increased number of surgical procedures, increased risk of complications, and prolonged length of stay. TAC should be limited to selected patients and performed by senior surgeons.
Topics: Abdomen; Humans; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy; Open Abdomen Techniques; Surgical Mesh; Traction
PubMed: 35088692
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Surgery Jan 2023The recently developed endoscopic full-thickness resection technique requires reliable closure. The main closure methods are the purse-string suture (PSS) technique and...
BACKGROUND
The recently developed endoscopic full-thickness resection technique requires reliable closure. The main closure methods are the purse-string suture (PSS) technique and over-the-scope clip (OTSC) technique; however, basic data on the closure strength of each technique are lacking. This study was performed to compare the closure strengths of these two methods in an ex vivo porcine model.
METHODS
In the traction test, a virtual 5-cm full-thickness closure line was closed by the following six methods three times each: conventional hemoclips, mucosal PSS, seromuscular PSS, mucosal OTSC, seromuscular OTSC, and surgical suture. The primary endpoint was the tension at the starting point of dehiscence, measured in Newtons (N) by an automatic traction machine. In the leak test, a 15-mm gastric full-thickness defect was closed by PSS or OTSC six times each, and the closed stomach was then pressurized in a water container. The primary endpoint was the leak pressure when air bubbles appeared. The secondary endpoints were the procedure time and presence of complete inverted closure.
RESULTS
The mean tension was 2.16, 3.68, 5.15, 18.30, 19.30, and 62.40 N for conventional hemoclips, mucosal PSS, seromuscular PSS, mucosal OTSC, seromuscular OTSC, and surgical suture, respectively. Complete inverted closure was observed for seromuscular PSS, seromuscular OTSC, and surgical suture. The mean leak pressure was 13.7 and 24.8 mmHg in the PSS and OTSC group, respectively (P < 0.01). The mean procedure time was 541 and 169 s in the PSS and OTSC group, respectively (P < 0.01). Complete inverted closure was observed in OTSC alone.
CONCLUSION
The OTSC, which allows complete inverted closure, showed greater closure strength than PSS. Considering the size limitation suitable for single OTSC, a therapeutic strategy for closing the larger size is further warranted.
Topics: Swine; Animals; Traction; Stomach; Endoscopy; Sutures; Suture Techniques
PubMed: 36703127
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-01920-z -
Nano Letters Sep 2022Cells migrate through channel-like tracks. While polydimethylsiloxane devices emulate such tracks , their channel walls are impermeable and have supraphysiological...
Cells migrate through channel-like tracks. While polydimethylsiloxane devices emulate such tracks , their channel walls are impermeable and have supraphysiological stiffness. Existing hydrogel-based platforms address these issues but cannot provide high-throughput analysis of cell motility in independently controllable stiffness and confinement. We herein develop polyacrylamide (PA)-based microchannels of physiological stiffness and prescribed dimensions for high-throughput analysis of cell migration and identify a biphasic dependence of speed upon confinement and stiffness. By utilizing novel four-walled microchannels with heterogeneous stiffness, we reveal the distinct contributions of apicolateral versus basal microchannel wall stiffness to confined versus unconfined migration. While the basal wall stiffness dictates unconfined migration, apicolateral stiffness controls confined migration. By tracking nanobeads embedded within channel walls, we innovate three-dimensional traction force measurements around spatially confining cells at subcellular resolution. Our unique and highly customizable device fabrication strategy provides a physiologically relevant platform to study confined cells.
Topics: Cell Movement; Dimethylpolysiloxanes; Hydrogels; Mechanical Phenomena; Traction
PubMed: 36112517
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01261 -
BMC Oral Health Jul 2022Recently, a denture adhesive that is easy to clean and contain moisturizing ingredients have been developed for patients with dry mouth. Although the retentive force...
BACKGROUND
Recently, a denture adhesive that is easy to clean and contain moisturizing ingredients have been developed for patients with dry mouth. Although the retentive force produced by conventional denture adhesives and oral moisturizers have been compared on models, no study has reported their comparison in the oral cavity. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of different directions of traction and loads at the time of pressure contact on the retentive force on a palatal plate made from a dentulous jaw model.
METHODS
A palatal plate was fabricated with thermoplastic resin on a dentulous jaw model, and a loop-shaped traction device was attached to the centre of the palate. The test samples were a cream-type denture adhesive, a denture adhesive for dry mouth, an oral moisturizer, and a denture moisturizer. The specimens were applied to the inner surface of the plate, which was then mounted under vertical pressure. Then, the retentive force was measured, using a digital force gauge, while the plate was pulled in different directions and with different loads.
RESULTS
No significant difference in retentive force was observed in any of the test samples when the direction of traction was between 45° and 60°. The retentive force of the denture adhesive for dry mouth was significantly higher with a direction of traction of 90° than that of 45° or 60°. The retentive force when oral moisturizer was used was significantly higher in the 90° traction direction than in the 45° direction. There was no significant difference between a force of 4.0 kgf or 5.5 kgf when using a denture adhesive for dry mouth. Comparing the four load size conditions, the larger the load, the higher was the retentive force. Similar results were obtained for the cream-type denture adhesive and denture moisturizer. Significantly higher retentive force was observed for larger loads when oral moisturizer was used.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that the direction of traction and the pressure load affect the retentive force on a palatal plate.
Topics: Dental Cements; Denture Retention; Humans; Palate; Traction; Xerostomia
PubMed: 35842648
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02313-z -
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy May 2021Several traction methods have sought to overcome the technical difficulties of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, traction direction has remained limited... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparing a conventional and a spring-and-loop with clip traction method of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial gastric neoplasms: a randomized controlled trial (with videos).
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Several traction methods have sought to overcome the technical difficulties of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, traction direction has remained limited in most of these methods, with lack of clarity about the optimal method and traction direction for gastric ESD. A spring-and-loop with clip (SLC) has been developed as a multidirectional traction device. Here, we investigated whether SLC traction-assisted ESD (SLC-ESD) improved procedure-related outcomes compared with conventional ESD (C-ESD) among patients with superficial gastric neoplasms.
METHODS
This single-center randomized controlled trial included patients with superficial gastric neoplasms undergoing SLC-ESD or C-ESD between October 2018 and December 2019. Using the multidirectional traction function, we set traction vertical to the gastric wall for SLC-ESD. The primary outcome was the median procedure time for gastric ESD.
RESULTS
The SLC-ESD and C-ESD groups comprised 40 patients each, and all the enrolled patients underwent the assigned treatment. The median ESD procedure time was significantly shorter in the SLC-ESD group (29.1 minutes) than in the C-ESD group (52.6 minutes; P = .005). SLC had a mean attachment time of 1.82 minutes. En bloc resection was achieved without perforation in all the patients in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that SLC-ESD reduces gastric ESD procedure time without increasing the risk of perforation and that the vertical direction to the gastric wall is the appropriate traction direction for gastric ESD. (Clinical trial registration number: UMIN 000034533.).
Topics: Dissection; Endoscopic Mucosal Resection; Humans; Stomach Neoplasms; Surgical Instruments; Traction; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33058886
DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2020.09.049 -
Micron (Oxford, England : 1993) Nov 2021Cells generate mechanical forces (traction forces, TFs) while interacting with the extracellular matrix or neighbouring cells. Forces are generated by both cells and... (Review)
Review
Cells generate mechanical forces (traction forces, TFs) while interacting with the extracellular matrix or neighbouring cells. Forces are generated by both cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) and transmitted within the cell-ECM or cell-cell contacts involving focal adhesions or adherens junctions. Within more than two decades, substantial progress has been achieved in techniques that measure TFs. One of the techniques is traction force microscopy (TFM). This review discusses the TFM and its advances in measuring TFs exerted by cells (single cells and multicellular systems) at cell-ECM and cell-cell junctional intracellular interfaces. The answers to how cells sense, adapt and respond to mechanical forces unravel their role in controlling and regulating cell behaviour in normal and pathological conditions.
Topics: Extracellular Matrix; Intercellular Junctions; Mechanical Phenomena; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Traction
PubMed: 34416532
DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2021.103138 -
Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia :... Jul 2022
Topics: Bronchiectasis; Humans; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Traction
PubMed: 35894416
DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20220220 -
The British Journal of Radiology Apr 2017To compare the effect of traction during non-arthrographic and arthrographic MR examination of the wrist with regard to joint space width, joint fluid dispersion and...
OBJECTIVE
To compare the effect of traction during non-arthrographic and arthrographic MR examination of the wrist with regard to joint space width, joint fluid dispersion and cartilage surface visibility.
METHODS
Prospective 3-T MRI study of 100 wrists in 96 patients. The first 50 wrists underwent MR arthrography first without traction and then with traction. The following 50 wrists underwent standard MR first without traction and then with traction. On these examinations, two radiologists independently measured (i) joint space width, semi-quantitatively graded (ii) joint fluid dispersion between opposing cartilage surfaces and (iii) articular cartilage surface visibility. The three parameters were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS
Traction led to an increase in joint space width at nearly all joints in all patients (p < 0.05), although more so in the arthrography (∆ = 0.08-0.79 mm, all p < 0.05) than in the non-arthrography (∆ = 0.001-0.61 mm, all p < 0.05) group. Joint fluid dispersion and cartilage surface visibility improved after traction in nearly all joints (p < 0.05) in all patients and more so in the arthographic than in the non-arthrography group.
CONCLUSION
Traction did significantly improve cartilage surface visibility for standard MRI of the wrist although the effect was not as great as that seen with MR arthography or MR arthrography with traction. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study to show the beneficial effect of traction during standard non-arthrography MRI of the wrist and compare the effect of traction between non-arthrographic and arthrographic MRI of the wrist.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthrography; Cartilage, Articular; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Traction; Wrist Joint; Young Adult
PubMed: 28181830
DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160932 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2017Traction alopecia was first described in 1904 but is still a cause of scarring hair loss in young women worldwide. It is unique in being initially a reversible then an... (Review)
Review
Traction alopecia was first described in 1904 but is still a cause of scarring hair loss in young women worldwide. It is unique in being initially a reversible then an irreversible (scarring) form of alopecia. Linked to tightly-pulled hairstyles, it is seen across all races. The pattern of hair loss depends on the style creating it but most commonly affects the frontotemporal hairline. There are some new examination findings associated with traction alopecia, which are traction folliculitis, the fringe sign and hair casts (pseudonits) on dermatoscopy. These may prove key in prompting early specialist referral. The mainstay of current treatment is cessation of the contributing hairstyles. Camouflage, anti-inflammatory or growth-stimulating topical preparations are second line treatments. In later stages of severe traction alopecia hair transplantation may be the only effective treatment. The evidence basis for medical intervention with topical agents is anecdotal at best. Furthermore, additional research is required to clarify the pathogenesis of this biphasic alopecia. Until then, prompt diagnosis and identification of causative hairstyles are focus of current dermatological practice.
Topics: Alopecia; Hair Preparations; Humans; Traction
PubMed: 29035284
DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_553_16 -
Journal of Biomedical Materials... May 2023Cells integrate endogenous and exogenous mechanical forces to sense and respond to environmental signals. In particular, cell-generated microscale traction forces...
Cells integrate endogenous and exogenous mechanical forces to sense and respond to environmental signals. In particular, cell-generated microscale traction forces regulate cellular functions and impact macroscale tissue function and development. Many groups have developed tools for measuring cellular traction forces, including microfabricated post array detectors (mPADs). mPADs are a powerful tool that provides direct traction force measurements through imaging post deflections and utilizing Bernoulli-Euler beam theory. In this technical note, we investigated how mPADs presenting two different top surface areas but similar effective stiffness influence cellular spread area and traction forces for murine embryonic fibroblasts and human mesenchymal stromal cells. When focal adhesion size was restricted via mPAD top surface area, we observed a decrease in both cell spread area and cell traction forces as the mPAD top surface area decreased, but the traction force-cell area linear relationship was maintained, which is indicative of cell contractility. We conclude that the mPAD top surface area is an important parameter to consider when utilizing mPADs to measure cellular traction forces. Furthermore, the slope of the traction force-cell area linear relationship provides a useful metric to characterize cell contractility on mPADs.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mice; Traction; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Mechanical Phenomena; Focal Adhesions; Cells, Cultured; Cell Adhesion
PubMed: 36808220
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37518