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IDCases 2022
PubMed: 35145860
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01419 -
Polymers Mar 2022The biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from industrial wastes by mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) enriched in PHA-accumulating bacteria is a promising...
The biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from industrial wastes by mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) enriched in PHA-accumulating bacteria is a promising technology to replace petroleum-based plastics. However, the populations' dynamics in the PHA-accumulating MMCs are not well known. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to address the shifts in the size and structure of the bacterial communities in two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) fed with fish-canning effluents and operated under non-saline (SBR-N, 0.5 g NaCl/L) or saline (SBR-S, 10 g NaCl/L) conditions, by using a combination of quantitative PCR and Illumina sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. A double growth limitation (DGL) strategy, in which nitrogen availability was limited and uncoupled to carbon addition, strongly modulated the relative abundances of the PHA-accumulating bacteria, leading to an increase in the accumulation of PHAs, independently of the saline conditions (average 9.04 wt% and 11.69 wt%, maximum yields 22.03 wt% and 26.33% SBR-N and SBR-S, respectively). On the other hand, no correlations were found among the PHAs accumulation yields and the absolute abundances of total , which decreased through time in the SBR-N and did not present statistical differences in the SBR-S. , , , , , , and were key PHA-accumulating genera in both SBRs under the DGL strategy, which was revealed as a successful tool to obtain a PHA-enriched MMC using fish-canning effluents.
PubMed: 35406269
DOI: 10.3390/polym14071396 -
PloS One 2016Little is known about the prevalence, functionality and ecological roles of temperate phages for members of the mycolic acid producing bacteria, the Mycolata. While many...
Little is known about the prevalence, functionality and ecological roles of temperate phages for members of the mycolic acid producing bacteria, the Mycolata. While many lytic phages infective for these organisms have been isolated, and assessed for their suitability for use as biological control agents of activated sludge foaming, no studies have investigated how temperate phages might be induced for this purpose. Bioinformatic analysis using the PHAge Search Tool (PHAST) on Mycolata whole genome sequence data in GenBank for members of the genera Gordonia, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus, and Tsukamurella revealed 83% contained putative prophage DNA sequences. Subsequent prophage inductions using mitomycin C were conducted on 17 Mycolata strains. This led to the isolation and genome characterization of three novel Caudovirales temperate phages, namely GAL1, GMA1, and TPA4, induced from Gordonia alkanivorans, Gordonia malaquae, and Tsukamurella paurometabola, respectively. All possessed highly distinctive dsDNA genome sequences.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Chromosome Mapping; Evolution, Molecular; Genome, Viral; Gordonia Bacterium; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Nocardia; Prophages; Rhodococcus; Sewage; Virus Activation
PubMed: 27487243
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159957 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2022is an environmental saprophyte that potentially causes various infections in humans. It has been reported to cause rare opportunistic infections in immunocompromised...
BACKGROUND
is an environmental saprophyte that potentially causes various infections in humans. It has been reported to cause rare opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients or patients with indwelling foreign bodies.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related peritonitis caused by (). The patient was admitted to our hospital while demonstrating a cloudy peritoneal dialysate. Peritoneal fluid sample culturing yielded yellow-greyish, dry and membrane-like colonies. Gram staining showed straight, gram-positive rods. The organism was identified to be species by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). It was then characterized to be homologous to in the GenBank database by 16S Ribosomal RNA Sequencing. The strain was susceptible to quinolones, carbapenems and linezolid, but intermediately resistant to vancomycin in drug susceptibility testing. Eventually, the peritonitis was controlled with meropenem and the patient discharged from the hospital.
CONCLUSION
Here, we describe the first case of CAPD-related peritonitis caused by in China. Importantly, show resistance to cephalosporins and heterogeneous resistance to vancomycin, guideline-based empiric therapy occasionally fails. Further analyses of similar cases are required to understand the characteristics and formulate appropriate therapy regimen for infections.
PubMed: 35592102
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S364626 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Jun 2008A major diagnostic challenge in the evaluation of a cavitary lung lesion is to distinguish between infectious and malignant etiologies.
INTRODUCTION
A major diagnostic challenge in the evaluation of a cavitary lung lesion is to distinguish between infectious and malignant etiologies.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present the case of an elderly man presenting with fever, hemoptysis and a left upper lobe cavitary lesion. Serial sputum cultures grew Tsukamurella pulmonis, a rare pathogen associated with cavitary pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. However, despite clinical improvement with antibiotic therapy targeted to the organism, concomitant discovery of a papillary thyroid carcinoma led to a needle biopsy of the cavitary lesion, which showed evidence of primary lung adenocarcinoma.
CONCLUSION
This is the first description of Tsukamurella infection in the setting of primary lung carcinoma. The report also illustrates the potential complex nature of cavitary lesions and emphasizes the need to consider the coexistence of malignant and infectious processes in all patients, especially those with risk factors for malignancy that fail to improve on antibiotic therapy.
PubMed: 18554413
DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-2-207 -
Standards in Genomic Sciences Jul 2011Tsukamurella paurometabola corrig. (Steinhaus 1941) Collins et al. 1988 is the type species of the genus Tsukamurella, which is the type genus to the family...
Tsukamurella paurometabola corrig. (Steinhaus 1941) Collins et al. 1988 is the type species of the genus Tsukamurella, which is the type genus to the family Tsukamurellaceae. The species is not only of interest because of its isolated phylogenetic location, but also because it is a human opportunistic pathogen with some strains of the species reported to cause lung infection, lethal meningitis, and necrotizing tenosynovitis. This is the first completed genome sequence of a member of the genus Tsukamurella and the first genome sequence of a member of the family Tsukamurellaceae. The 4,479,724 bp long genome contains a 99,806 bp long plasmid and a total of 4,335 protein-coding and 56 RNA genes, and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.
PubMed: 21886861
DOI: 10.4056/sigs.1894556 -
Infection Control and Hospital... Mar 2014To determine the source and identify control measures of an outbreak of Tsukamurella species bloodstream infections at an outpatient oncology facility.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the source and identify control measures of an outbreak of Tsukamurella species bloodstream infections at an outpatient oncology facility.
DESIGN
Epidemiologic investigation of the outbreak with a case-control study.
METHODS
A case was an infection in which Tsukamurella species was isolated from a blood or catheter tip culture during the period January 2011 through June 2012 from a patient of the oncology clinic. Laboratory records of area hospitals and patient charts were reviewed. A case-control study was conducted among clinic patients to identify risk factors for Tsukamurella species bloodstream infection. Clinic staff were interviewed, and infection control practices were assessed.
RESULTS
Fifteen cases of Tsukamurella (Tsukamurella pulmonis or Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens) bloodstream infection were identified, all in patients with underlying malignancy and indwelling central lines. The median age of case patients was 68 years; 47% were male. The only significant risk factor for infection was receipt of saline flush from the clinic during the period September-October 2011 (P = .03), when the clinic had been preparing saline flush from a common-source bag of saline. Other infection control deficiencies that were identified at the clinic included suboptimal procedures for central line access and preparation of chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION
Although multiple infection control lapses were identified, the outbreak was likely caused by improper preparation of saline flush syringes by the clinic. The outbreak demonstrates that bloodstream infections among oncology patients can result from improper infection control practices and highlights the critical need for increased attention to and oversight of infection control in outpatient oncology settings.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Bacteremia; Case-Control Studies; Catheterization, Central Venous; Cross Infection; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Male; Medical Oncology; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; West Virginia
PubMed: 24521597
DOI: 10.1086/675282 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection has become a public health concern in China and around the world. The objective of this study was to describe the...
BACKGROUND
Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection has become a public health concern in China and around the world. The objective of this study was to describe the longitudinal changes in the frequency and diversity of NTM in northern China.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed data on mycobacterium species in Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2014 to December 2021. The isolates were identified to species level by targeted DNA sequencing.
RESULTS
After excluding duplicates, 1,755 NTM strains were analyzed, which were from 27 provinces in China over 8 years. Among all mycobacteria, the proportion of NTM increased each year, from 4.24% in 2014 to 12.68% in 2021. Overall, 39 different NTM species were identified, including 23 slow growing mycobacteria (SGM) and 16 rapid growing mycobacteria (RGM). The most common species were (51.62%), (22.22%), (8.32%), (7.75%) and (2.05%). The number of NTM species identified also increased each year from 9 in 2014 to 26 in 2021. Most species showed stable isolation rates over the years; however, the proportion of increased from 3.85 to 10.42% during the study period. Besides, 81 non-mycobacteria strains, including (21 isolates), (19 isolates) and (17 isolates), etc., were also discovered.
CONCLUSION
The proportion of NTM and species diversity increased considerably in northern China from 2014 to 2021. was the most common NTM isolated among respiratory specimens, followed by and . Rare NTM species and non-mycobacteria pathogens also need attention.
Topics: China; Humans; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Public Health; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35923959
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.923968 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jun 2023Strains of the genus were isolated from sp. social wasps from Costa Rica. Draft genome sequences from both isolates were obtained of ~4.5 Mb in length and with 68%...
Strains of the genus were isolated from sp. social wasps from Costa Rica. Draft genome sequences from both isolates were obtained of ~4.5 Mb in length and with 68% GC content.
PubMed: 37219460
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00237-23 -
Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin Feb 2021Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has dramatically increased in recent years, especially in young people, and limits the life quality of the patients involved. Thus, many...
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has dramatically increased in recent years, especially in young people, and limits the life quality of the patients involved. Thus, many researchers are performing extensive studies to find alternative treatments for DM. Here, we evaluated the improvement effects of the heat-killed species, including , and in streptozotocin (STZ)- diabetic rats by biochemical, immunological, and histopathological examinations. The present findings exhibited a dramatic and progressive alteration in the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the diabetic group, which were related to the blood glucose and insulin levels, oxidative stress defense (evaluated by TAC and MDA activities), and the pancreas biochemical indicators (such as amylase and lipase). More importantly, the present results were consistent with the histopathological findings, which included cellular degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, focal necrosis associated with mononuclear cell infiltration. Interestingly, all of the diabetic changes in the blood serum and tissues improved remarkably in the treated groups by species. Surprisingly, most of the current diabetic complications effectively attenuated after oral administration of both species, particularly with a high dose of Thus, it is concluded that the heat-killed species can prevent and improve the progression of T1DM and its various complications profoundly.
PubMed: 33880360
DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.035