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Journal of Lipid Research May 2009There is intense interest in comprehensive proteomic approaches for analyzing integral membrane proteins and lipoproteins. Key features of mass spectrometric analysis... (Review)
Review
There is intense interest in comprehensive proteomic approaches for analyzing integral membrane proteins and lipoproteins. Key features of mass spectrometric analysis center on enriching biological material for proteins of interest, efficiently digesting them, extracting the resulting peptides, and using fractionation methods to comprehensively sample proteins or peptides by tandem mass spectrometry. However, lipid-associated proteins are generally rich in hydrophobic domains and are often low in abundance. These features, together with the associated lipid, make their mass spectrometric analysis technically challenging. In this article, we review analytical strategies for successful proteomic analysis of lipid-associated proteins.
Topics: Lipids; Proteins; Proteomics; Solubility
PubMed: 19229074
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.R900005-JLR200 -
FEBS Letters Feb 1974
Comparative Study
Topics: Amino Acids; Binding Sites; Cadmium; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Copper; Cysteine; Electrophoresis, Disc; Female; Humans; Liver; Male; Mathematics; Metalloproteins; Molecular Weight; Protein Binding; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Sulfur; Ultrafiltration; Zinc
PubMed: 4852307
DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80057-8 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Mar 1974
Review
Topics: Alcohols; Alkanes; Animals; Birds; Cats; Cattle; Cricetinae; Dogs; Fatty Acids; Glycerides; Goats; Guinea Pigs; Hair; Haplorhini; Humans; Mice; Models, Biological; Pan troglodytes; Papio; Rabbits; Rats; Sebaceous Glands; Sebum; Sheep; Skin; Sterols; Triglycerides; Waxes
PubMed: 4206501
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12676800 -
Journal of Oleo Science 2017The environmental impacts of palm oil mill effluent (POME) have been a concern due to the water pollution and greenhouse gases emissions. Thus, this study was conducted...
The environmental impacts of palm oil mill effluent (POME) have been a concern due to the water pollution and greenhouse gases emissions. Thus, this study was conducted to recover the value-added products from POME source before being discharged. The samples, before (X) and after (Y) the pre-recovery system in the clarification tank were sampled and analysed and proximate analysis indicated that both samples are energy rich source of food due to high contents of fats and carbohydrates. GCMS analysis showed that the oil extracts contain predominantly palmitic, oleic, linoleic and stearic acids. Regiospecific analysis of oil extracts by quantitative C-NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that both oil extracts contain similar degree of saturation of fatty acids at sn-2 and sn-1,3 positions. The samples are rich in various phytonutrients, pro-vitamin A, vitamin E, squalene and phytosterols, thus contributing to exceptionally high total flavonoid contents and moderate antioxidant activities. Overall, samples X and Y are good alternative food sources, besides reducing the environmental impact of POME.
Topics: Flavonoids; Food Handling; Food-Processing Industry; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Linoleic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Palm Oil; Palmitic Acid; Phytochemicals; Polyphenols; Stearic Acids
PubMed: 29093377
DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17078 -
The Biochemical Journal Nov 1975Membranes of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Micrococcus flavus and Micrococcus sodonensis contain acidic lipomannans. Lipoteichoic acids could not be detected in these...
Membranes of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Micrococcus flavus and Micrococcus sodonensis contain acidic lipomannans. Lipoteichoic acids could not be detected in these organisms, and the suggestion that they are substituted for by the lipomannans is strengthened by the chemical and physical resemblances between the two polymers. The mannans contain glycerol, ester-linked fatty acids and mono-esterified succinic acid residues, giving them both hydrophobic and charged properties. The M. lysodeikticus mannan has a chain of about 60 hexose units with two branch points, and is joined at its reducing end to the 1-position of a glycerol moiety bearing two fatty acid residues. Succinic acid on the mannan enables it to bind Mg2+ efficiently, and the polymer is firmly associated with the cytoplasmic membrane, probably by intercalation of its fatty acids with those of the membrane lipids.
Topics: Borohydrides; Cell Fractionation; Chromatography, Affinity; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Chromatography, Paper; Fatty Acids; Formaldehyde; Lipopolysaccharides; Mannans; Membranes; Methylation; Micrococcus; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Weight; Ultracentrifugation
PubMed: 1218084
DOI: 10.1042/bj1510387 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Apr 1974
Comparative Study Review
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Carbohydrates; Cell Membrane; Cholesterol; Chromatography, Affinity; DNA Viruses; DNA, Viral; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Glycoproteins; Lipids; Microscopy, Electron; Models, Biological; Molecular Weight; Peptides; Phospholipids; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; RNA Viruses; RNA, Viral; Species Specificity; Viral Proteins; Viruses
PubMed: 4598854
DOI: 10.1016/0304-4157(74)90008-2 -
Journal of Lipid Research Jul 1969Phytoglycolipid has been isolated for the first time from plant leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris). The purified product (almost identical with the phytoglycolipid isolated...
Phytoglycolipid has been isolated for the first time from plant leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris). The purified product (almost identical with the phytoglycolipid isolated from flax seed) was a ceramide attached through phosphate diester linkage to an oligosaccharide, which consisted of the usual trisaccharide unit (inositol, hexuronic acid, hexosamine) to which were attached mannose, galactose, and arabinose. The major fatty acids were the saturated 2-hydroxy C(22), C(24), and C(26) acids; the major long-chain bases were dehydrophytosphingosine (d-ribo-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-amino-8-trans-octadecene) (53%) and phytosphingosine (d-ribo-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-amino-octadecane) (32%). A ceramide and a cerebroside were also isolated. In the ceramide the major fatty acids and the major long-chain bases were the same as in the phytoglycolipid. In the cerebroside, the fatty acid composition was similar to that in the ceramide and phytoglycolipid, but the long-chain bases consisted of dehydrophytosphingosine and phytosphingosine (7:1) with a substantial amount of unidentified long-chain base. The sugar component was glucose.
Topics: Amino Alcohols; Arabinose; Cellulose; Cerebrosides; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Paper; Fatty Acids; Glycolipids; Hexoses; Inositol; Lipids; Methods; Oligosaccharides; Plants; Seeds; Species Specificity; Uronic Acids
PubMed: 5797522
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Oct 1977Pronase digestion of the lima bean lectin (Phaseolus lunatus (alpha-D-GalNAc greater than alpha-D-Gal)) afforded a glycopeptide of molecular weight 1380. Amino acid and...
Pronase digestion of the lima bean lectin (Phaseolus lunatus (alpha-D-GalNAc greater than alpha-D-Gal)) afforded a glycopeptide of molecular weight 1380. Amino acid and carbohydrate analysis showed the glycopeptide to contain fucose, mannose, glucosamine, and aspartic acid in the molar ratios, 0.8:4.4:1.9:1.0. Methylation analysis, Smith degradation, and sequential degradation by specific glycosidases permit the formulation of a tentative structure:.
Topics: Aspartic Acid; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Fabaceae; Fucose; Glucosamine; Glycopeptides; Glycoside Hydrolases; Lectins; Mannose; Plant Lectins; Plants, Medicinal; Pronase
PubMed: 903350
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 1970The lipids of Rhizopus arrhizus Fischer mycelia and sporangiospores were extracted, isolated, and separated by thin-layer, liquid, and gas chromatography. Structural...
The lipids of Rhizopus arrhizus Fischer mycelia and sporangiospores were extracted, isolated, and separated by thin-layer, liquid, and gas chromatography. Structural confirmations of the compounds were made by a gas chromatographmass spectrometer combination. The n-heptane fraction contained squalene (1%) as a major hydrocarbon constituent. Other major lipid classes detected were free fatty acids, naturally occurring methyl esters of fatty acids, triglycerides, sterols, and polar lipids. The polar lipids (44.4%) were found in the highest concentrations, and the triglycerides (22.1%), sterols (16.7%), and free fatty acids (11.7%) were present in lesser concentrations. This is the first report of naturally occuring methyl esters of long-chain fatty acids being present in fungal mycelium. There appears to be a preference for incorporation of unsaturated acids into the complex lipids, with the exception of the triglycerides. The major saturated fatty acids in the mycelium were palmitic (C(16)) and arachidic (C(20)), whereas the major unsaturated acids were oleic (C(18:1)) and linoleic (C(18:2)), respectively.
Topics: Alkanes; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Esters; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Lipids; Rhizopus; Spectrum Analysis; Spores; Sterols; Triglycerides
PubMed: 5474875
DOI: 10.1128/jb.103.3.536-540.1970 -
European Journal of Biochemistry Sep 1985The structure of the polysaccharide part of the lipopolysaccharide from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 has been determined using sugar and methylation analysis as the...
The structure of the polysaccharide part of the lipopolysaccharide from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 has been determined using sugar and methylation analysis as the principal tools. Phenol--water extraction followed by a phenol--chloroform--light petroleum extraction yielded a lipopolysaccharide suitable for structural analysis. Analysis of sugars using alditol acetates showed that the polysaccharide contained L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucose in the approximate molar ratios of 1:5:1. After weak acid hydrolysis, two polysaccharide fractions were isolated by gel permeation chromatography: PSI and PSII with the sugar molar ratios 1:5:1 and 1:2:1 respectively. Chromium trioxide oxidation revealed that all galactosyl residues have the beta configuration, and that the rhamnosyl and glucosyl residues have the alpha configuration. From methylation analysis of lipopolysaccharide and the PS I and PS II fractions the following structures could be deduced.
Topics: Bacteroides fragilis; Carbohydrate Conformation; Cell Wall; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fatty Acids; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hydrolysis; Lipopolysaccharides; Methylation; Polysaccharides
PubMed: 4029152
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1985.tb09154.x