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Journal of Lipid Research May 2009There is intense interest in comprehensive proteomic approaches for analyzing integral membrane proteins and lipoproteins. Key features of mass spectrometric analysis... (Review)
Review
There is intense interest in comprehensive proteomic approaches for analyzing integral membrane proteins and lipoproteins. Key features of mass spectrometric analysis center on enriching biological material for proteins of interest, efficiently digesting them, extracting the resulting peptides, and using fractionation methods to comprehensively sample proteins or peptides by tandem mass spectrometry. However, lipid-associated proteins are generally rich in hydrophobic domains and are often low in abundance. These features, together with the associated lipid, make their mass spectrometric analysis technically challenging. In this article, we review analytical strategies for successful proteomic analysis of lipid-associated proteins.
Topics: Lipids; Proteins; Proteomics; Solubility
PubMed: 19229074
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.R900005-JLR200 -
FEBS Letters Feb 1974
Comparative Study
Topics: Amino Acids; Binding Sites; Cadmium; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Copper; Cysteine; Electrophoresis, Disc; Female; Humans; Liver; Male; Mathematics; Metalloproteins; Molecular Weight; Protein Binding; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Sulfur; Ultrafiltration; Zinc
PubMed: 4852307
DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80057-8 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Mar 1974
Review
Topics: Alcohols; Alkanes; Animals; Birds; Cats; Cattle; Cricetinae; Dogs; Fatty Acids; Glycerides; Goats; Guinea Pigs; Hair; Haplorhini; Humans; Mice; Models, Biological; Pan troglodytes; Papio; Rabbits; Rats; Sebaceous Glands; Sebum; Sheep; Skin; Sterols; Triglycerides; Waxes
PubMed: 4206501
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12676800 -
The Biochemical Journal Nov 1975Membranes of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Micrococcus flavus and Micrococcus sodonensis contain acidic lipomannans. Lipoteichoic acids could not be detected in these...
Membranes of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Micrococcus flavus and Micrococcus sodonensis contain acidic lipomannans. Lipoteichoic acids could not be detected in these organisms, and the suggestion that they are substituted for by the lipomannans is strengthened by the chemical and physical resemblances between the two polymers. The mannans contain glycerol, ester-linked fatty acids and mono-esterified succinic acid residues, giving them both hydrophobic and charged properties. The M. lysodeikticus mannan has a chain of about 60 hexose units with two branch points, and is joined at its reducing end to the 1-position of a glycerol moiety bearing two fatty acid residues. Succinic acid on the mannan enables it to bind Mg2+ efficiently, and the polymer is firmly associated with the cytoplasmic membrane, probably by intercalation of its fatty acids with those of the membrane lipids.
Topics: Borohydrides; Cell Fractionation; Chromatography, Affinity; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Chromatography, Paper; Fatty Acids; Formaldehyde; Lipopolysaccharides; Mannans; Membranes; Methylation; Micrococcus; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Weight; Ultracentrifugation
PubMed: 1218084
DOI: 10.1042/bj1510387 -
Journal of Oleo Science 2017The environmental impacts of palm oil mill effluent (POME) have been a concern due to the water pollution and greenhouse gases emissions. Thus, this study was conducted...
The environmental impacts of palm oil mill effluent (POME) have been a concern due to the water pollution and greenhouse gases emissions. Thus, this study was conducted to recover the value-added products from POME source before being discharged. The samples, before (X) and after (Y) the pre-recovery system in the clarification tank were sampled and analysed and proximate analysis indicated that both samples are energy rich source of food due to high contents of fats and carbohydrates. GCMS analysis showed that the oil extracts contain predominantly palmitic, oleic, linoleic and stearic acids. Regiospecific analysis of oil extracts by quantitative C-NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that both oil extracts contain similar degree of saturation of fatty acids at sn-2 and sn-1,3 positions. The samples are rich in various phytonutrients, pro-vitamin A, vitamin E, squalene and phytosterols, thus contributing to exceptionally high total flavonoid contents and moderate antioxidant activities. Overall, samples X and Y are good alternative food sources, besides reducing the environmental impact of POME.
Topics: Flavonoids; Food Handling; Food-Processing Industry; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Linoleic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Palm Oil; Palmitic Acid; Phytochemicals; Polyphenols; Stearic Acids
PubMed: 29093377
DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17078 -
Journal of Lipid Research Jul 1969Phytoglycolipid has been isolated for the first time from plant leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris). The purified product (almost identical with the phytoglycolipid isolated...
Phytoglycolipid has been isolated for the first time from plant leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris). The purified product (almost identical with the phytoglycolipid isolated from flax seed) was a ceramide attached through phosphate diester linkage to an oligosaccharide, which consisted of the usual trisaccharide unit (inositol, hexuronic acid, hexosamine) to which were attached mannose, galactose, and arabinose. The major fatty acids were the saturated 2-hydroxy C(22), C(24), and C(26) acids; the major long-chain bases were dehydrophytosphingosine (d-ribo-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-amino-8-trans-octadecene) (53%) and phytosphingosine (d-ribo-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-amino-octadecane) (32%). A ceramide and a cerebroside were also isolated. In the ceramide the major fatty acids and the major long-chain bases were the same as in the phytoglycolipid. In the cerebroside, the fatty acid composition was similar to that in the ceramide and phytoglycolipid, but the long-chain bases consisted of dehydrophytosphingosine and phytosphingosine (7:1) with a substantial amount of unidentified long-chain base. The sugar component was glucose.
Topics: Amino Alcohols; Arabinose; Cellulose; Cerebrosides; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Paper; Fatty Acids; Glycolipids; Hexoses; Inositol; Lipids; Methods; Oligosaccharides; Plants; Seeds; Species Specificity; Uronic Acids
PubMed: 5797522
DOI: No ID Found -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2020Seventy-eight graviera cheese samples produced in five different regions of Greece were characterized and discriminated according to geographical origin. For the above...
Seventy-eight graviera cheese samples produced in five different regions of Greece were characterized and discriminated according to geographical origin. For the above purpose, pH, titratable acidity (TA), NaCl, proteins, fat on a dry weight basis, ash, fatty acid composition, volatile compounds, and minerals were determined. Both multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were applied to experimental data to achieve sample geographical discrimination. The results showed that the combination of fatty acid composition plus minerals provided a correct classification rate of 89.7%. The value for the combination of fatty acid compositions plus conventional quality parameters was 94.9% and for the combination of minerals plus conventional quality parameters was 97.4%. When cheeses of the above five geographical origins were combined with previously studied graviera cheeses from six other geographical origins collected during the same seasons in Greece, the respective values for the discrimination of geographical origin of all eleven origins were 89.3% for conventional quality parameters plus minerals; 94.0% for conventional quality parameters plus fatty acids; 94.1% for minerals plus fatty acids; and 95.2% for conventional quality parameters plus minerals plus fatty acids. Such high correct classification rates demonstrate the robustness of the developed statistical model.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Cheese; Discriminant Analysis; Fatty Acids; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Greece; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Minerals; Solid Phase Extraction; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 32752067
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153507 -
Journal of Biochemistry Sep 1975Equine renal glycopshingolipids were composed of galactocerebroside, glucocerbroside, ceramide dihexoside, ceramide trihexoside, sulfatide, globoside I, Forssman...
Equine renal glycopshingolipids were composed of galactocerebroside, glucocerbroside, ceramide dihexoside, ceramide trihexoside, sulfatide, globoside I, Forssman globoside, and hematoside. Free ceramide and sphingomyelin were also found in equine kidney. Their long chain bases consisted of sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, C18-phytosphingosine, and C20-phytosphingosine, whereas the fatty acids were separated into two groups: nonhydroxy and hydroxy fatty acids. Ceramide monohexoside was separated into five spots by TLC on borax-impregnated plates. The major component of ceramide monohexoside was glucocerbroside which accounted for 46.6% of the total ceramide monohexoside and contained a ceramide consisting of phytosphingosines and hydroxy fatty acids. The long chain bases of hematoside and sulfatide contained dihydroxy and trihydroxy bases in nearly equal ratios. On the other hand, the other glycosphingolipids contained mainly dihydroxy bases, though with significant amounts of trihydroxy bases. Free ceramides were separated into four groups by silicic acid column chromatography and the major ceramides were of two kinds, consisting of dihydroxy bases and nonhydroxy fatty acids (49.9% of the total ceramide) and of trihydroxy bases and nonhydroxy fatty acids (38.5% of the total ceramide). The minor ceramides contained predominantly hydroxy fatty acids. Neither trihydroxy bases nor hydroxy fatty acids were detected in spingomyelin.
Topics: Animals; Ceramides; Cerebrosides; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Fatty Acids; Horses; Hydroxy Acids; Immunodiffusion; Kidney; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Sphingolipids; Sphingosine; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 818074
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a130937 -
The Biochemical Journal Feb 1972A method is given for small-scale preparation of DNA from 1.0-1.5g of adult rat tissues. The product from brain or liver is characterized by base ratios and phosphorus...
A method is given for small-scale preparation of DNA from 1.0-1.5g of adult rat tissues. The product from brain or liver is characterized by base ratios and phosphorus content which accord with reported values for rat tissue. It is reasonably free of RNA, protein and glycogen. It contains 5-hydroxymethylcytosine at a content of about 15% of the total cytosine bases present. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine is also demonstrable in mouse and frog brain DNA and in the crude cytidylic acid fractions obtained from RNA hydrolysates of rat brain and liver. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine is identified by paper chromatography, u.v. spectra in acid and alkaline solutions and by its conversion into 5-hydroxymethyluracil.
Topics: Animals; Anura; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, Paper; Cytosine; Cytosine Nucleotides; DNA; Liver; Mice; RNA; Rana catesbeiana; Rats; Ultraviolet Rays; Uracil
PubMed: 4538516
DOI: 10.1042/bj1260781 -
European Journal of Biochemistry Sep 1977
Comparative Study
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Carbohydrates; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glycopeptides; Glycoproteins; Kidney; Liver; Methylation; Microsomes; Microsomes, Liver; Molecular Conformation; Rats; Subcellular Fractions
PubMed: 913404
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11749.x