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PloS One 2012Undernutrition is an important risk factor for childhood mortality, and remains a major problem facing many developing countries. Millennium Development Goal 1 calls for...
BACKGROUND
Undernutrition is an important risk factor for childhood mortality, and remains a major problem facing many developing countries. Millennium Development Goal 1 calls for a reduction in underweight children, implemented through a variety of interventions. To adequately judge the impact of these interventions, it is important to know the reproducibility of the main indicators for undernutrition. In this study, we trained individuals from rural communities in Ethiopia in anthropometry techniques and measured intra- and inter-observer reliability.
METHODS AND FINDINGS
We trained 6 individuals without prior anthropometry experience to perform weight, height, and middle upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements. Two anthropometry teams were dispatched to 18 communities in rural Ethiopia and measurements performed on all consenting pre-school children. Anthropometry teams performed a second independent measurement on a convenience sample of children in order to assess intra-anthropometrist reliability. Both teams measured the same children in 2 villages to assess inter-anthropometrist reliability. We calculated several metrics of measurement reproducibility, including the technical error of measurement (TEM) and relative TEM. In total, anthropometry teams performed measurements on 606 pre-school children, 84 of which had repeat measurements performed by the same team, and 89 of which had measurements performed by both teams. Intra-anthropometrist TEM (and relative TEM) were 0.35 cm (0.35%) for height, 0.05 kg (0.39%) for weight, and 0.18 cm (1.27%) for MUAC. Corresponding values for inter-anthropometrist reliability were 0.67 cm (0.75%) for height, 0.09 kg (0.79%) for weight, and 0.22 kg (1.53%) for MUAC. Inter-anthropometrist measurement error was greater for smaller children than for larger children.
CONCLUSION
Measurements of height and weight were more reproducible than measurements of MUAC and measurements of larger children were more reliable than those for smaller children. Community-drawn anthropometrists can provide reliable measurements that could be used to assess the impact of interventions for childhood undernutrition.
Topics: Anthropometry; Body Height; Body Weight; Body Weights and Measures; Child; Child, Preschool; Education; Ethiopia; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Observer Variation; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Reproducibility of Results; Residence Characteristics; Rural Population
PubMed: 22291939
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030345 -
Annals of Human Biology Aug 2018Early-life growth dynamics are associated with future health. Little is known regarding timing and magnitude of the infancy body mass index (BMI) peak with adiposity and...
BACKGROUND
Early-life growth dynamics are associated with future health. Little is known regarding timing and magnitude of the infancy body mass index (BMI) peak with adiposity and metabolic biomarkers during adolescence.
AIM
To examine associations of the infancy BMI peak with anthropometry and cardiometabolic risk during peripuberty.
METHODS
Among 163 ELEMENT participants, this study estimated age and magnitude of the infancy BMI peak from eight anthropometric measurements from birth-36 months using Newton's Growth Models, an acceleration-based process model. Associations were examined of the infancy milestones with anthropometry and cardiometabolic risk at 8-14 years using linear regression models that accounted for maternal calcium supplementation and age; child's birthweight, sex, and age; and the other infancy milestone.
RESULTS
Median age at the infancy BMI peak was 9.6 months, and median peak BMI was 16.5 kg/m. Later age and larger magnitude of the peak predicted higher BMI z-score, waist circumference, and skinfold thicknesses; i.e. each 1 month of age at peak and each 1 kg/m of peak BMI corresponded with 0.04 (0.01-0.07) and 0.33 (0.17-0.48) units of higher BMI z-score, respectively. Later age at peak was also a determinant of worse glycaemia and higher blood pressure.
CONCLUSION
Later age and larger magnitude of the infancy BMI peak are associated with higher adiposity at 8-14 years of age. Later age but not magnitude of the BMI peak are related to a worse cardiometabolic profile during peripuberty.
Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Age Factors; Birth Weight; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Infant; Linear Models; Male; Mexico; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Skinfold Thickness; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 30328713
DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2018.1506048 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jul 1968
Topics: Anthropometry; Asian People; Black People; Cephalometry; Face; Humans; Indians, North American; Racial Groups; White People
PubMed: 5242878
DOI: 10.1043/0003-3219(1968)038<0175:CR>2.0.CO;2 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood Jan 2001
Topics: Anthropometry; Body Height; Body Weight; Child; Child, Preschool; Growth; Humans; Infant
PubMed: 11213779
DOI: 10.1136/adc.84.1.89c -
European Journal of Vascular and... Nov 1997
Topics: Anthropometry; Humans; Infrared Rays; Leg; Venous Insufficiency
PubMed: 9413388
DOI: 10.1016/s1078-5884(97)80297-3 -
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Jul 2023Fat-mass (FM) assessment since birth using valid methodologies is crucial since excessive adiposity represents a risk factor for adverse metabolic outcomes.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Fat-mass (FM) assessment since birth using valid methodologies is crucial since excessive adiposity represents a risk factor for adverse metabolic outcomes.
AIM
To develop infant FM prediction equations using anthropometry and validate them against air-displacement plethysmography (ADP).
SUBJECTS/METHODS
Clinical, anthropometric (weight, length, body-mass index -BMI-, circumferences, and skinfolds), and FM (ADP) data were collected from healthy-term infants at 1 (n = 133), 3 (n = 105), and 6 (n = 101) months enrolled in the OBESO perinatal cohort (Mexico City). FM prediction models were developed in 3 steps: 1) Variable Selection (LASSO regression), 2) Model behavior evaluation (12-fold cross-validation, using Theil-Sen regressions), and 3) Final model evaluation (Bland-Altman plots, Deming regression).
RESULTS
Relevant variables in the FM prediction models included BMI, circumferences (waist, thigh, and calf), and skinfolds (waist, triceps, subscapular, thigh, and calf). The R of each model was 1 M: 0.54, 3 M: 0.69, 6 M: 0.63. Predicted FM showed high correlation values (r ≥ 0.73, p < 0.001) with FM measured with ADP. There were no significant differences between predicted vs measured FM (1 M: 0.62 vs 0.6; 3 M: 1.2 vs 1.35; 6 M: 1.65 vs 1.76 kg; p > 0.05). Bias were: 1 M -0.021 (95%CI: -0.050 to 0.008), 3 M: 0.014 (95%CI: 0.090-0.195), 6 M: 0.108 (95%CI: 0.046-0.169).
CONCLUSION
Anthropometry-based prediction equations are inexpensive and represent a more accessible method to estimate body composition. The proposed equations are useful for evaluating FM in Mexican infants.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Pregnancy; Anthropometry; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Mexico; Plethysmography; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 37055482
DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01285-9 -
Medicine Oct 2023Semitendinosus and Gracilis autografts are commonly used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, its main drawback is individual variation in the...
Semitendinosus and Gracilis autografts are commonly used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, its main drawback is individual variation in the tendon diameter. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the anthropometric measurements for the prediction of Semitendinosus and Gracilis combined (quadrupled) strands graft diameter in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction among the Bengali population. Sixty consecutive patients who underwent ACL reconstruction between July 2019 to June 2020 were observed in this cross-sectional study. In all cases, the doubled (2 strands) Gracilis and Semitendinosus tendons were combined to get the final quadrupled (combined 4 strands) graft for use. Anthropometries such as body mass index (BMI), body weight, and height were recorded preoperatively and quadrupled combined tendon diameter was measured at the operating theater. The relationship between these parameters was statistically determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and scatter diagrams were plotted. Among the study subjects, most (54) were male, and the mean age of all subjects was 24 ± 6.92 years. The average graft diameter was 7.20 ± 0.76 mm. Correlations between the mean graft diameter with BMI (r = 0.018, and P = .891), body height (r = 0.011 and P = .933), and weight (r = 0.028 and P = .832) were not significant. Scatter diagrams also showed that the variables were not correlated. Anthropometries like BMI, body weight, or body height cannot be used in predicting Semitendinosus and Gracilis tendon graft diameter for arthroscopic ACL reconstruction among the Bengali population.
Topics: Humans; Male; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Female; Anterior Cruciate Ligament; Hamstring Muscles; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anthropometry; Hamstring Tendons; Body Weight; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
PubMed: 37800843
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035402 -
Maternal & Child Nutrition Oct 2015The objective was to investigate the association of maternal weight, height and body composition with fetal growth. We recruited 425 women at the University Hospital of...
The objective was to investigate the association of maternal weight, height and body composition with fetal growth. We recruited 425 women at the University Hospital of the West Indies, Jamaica, who had singleton pregnancies, were less than 15 weeks gestation and had no systemic illness. Maternal weight, height and skinfold thicknesses were measured at the first antenatal visit and lean mass was calculated. Sonographic measurements of the fetus were made at 15, 25 and 35 weeks gestation. Weight, crown-heel length and head circumference were measured at birth. Analyses were confined to 360 (85%) women; 65 women did not complete the study. Maternal height was positively associated with femoral length at 25 and 35 weeks gestation and with head circumference at 35 weeks (all P < 0.02). Maternal weight was positively associated with abdominal circumference and femoral length at 25 weeks, and with larger head and abdominal circumference and longer femur at 35 weeks (all P < 0.02). Maternal lean mass had similar associations to maternal weight and they were both positively associated with estimated fetal weight (all P < 0.02). All three maternal measurements were positively associated with birthweight, length and head circumference. Maternal size was associated with fetal size as early as 25 weeks gestation, with height strongly associated with femoral length, and with weight and lean mass strongly associated with abdominal circumference.
Topics: Adult; Anthropometry; Birth Weight; Body Height; Body Weight; Crown-Rump Length; Female; Fetal Development; Humans; Jamaica; Pregnancy; Skinfold Thickness; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; Young Adult
PubMed: 23241104
DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12027 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Sep 2015in recent years, research about muscle mass has gained popularity for their relationship to health. Thus precise measurement of muscle mass may have clinical application... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
in recent years, research about muscle mass has gained popularity for their relationship to health. Thus precise measurement of muscle mass may have clinical application once may interfere with the diagnosis and prescription drug or drug treatment.
OBJECTIVE
to conduct a systematic review of the methods most used for evaluation of muscle mass in randomized controlled trials, with its advantages and disadvantages.
METHODS
we conducted a search of the data bases Pub- Med, Web of Science and Scopus, with words "muscle mass", "measurement", "assessment" and "evaluation", combined in this way: "muscle mass" AND (assessment OR measurement OR evaluation).
RESULTS
23 studies were recovered and analyzed, all in English. 69.56% only used a method for quantification of muscle mass; 69.57% used dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); in 45.46% the type of measure used was the body lean mass; and 51.61% chose the whole body as a site of measurement.
CONCLUSIONS
in the randomized controlled trials analyzed the majority used just one method of assessment, with the DXA being the method most used, the body lean mass the measurement type most used and total body the most common site of measure.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Anthropometry; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Organ Size; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 26319809
DOI: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.3.9322 -
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences Jul 2023Using anthropometric parameters to determine the appropriate Plastibell size before circumcision ensures that cumbersome carrying of all the sizes before each procedure...
BACKGROUND
Using anthropometric parameters to determine the appropriate Plastibell size before circumcision ensures that cumbersome carrying of all the sizes before each procedure is eliminated and also complications reduced.
METHODS
Male neonates who presented for routine circumcision by Plastibell method were recruited. Collected on a proforma were their age in days, weight in Kg, stretched penile length (SPL) in cm, penile diameter (PD) in cm and the Plastibell size used by the "circumciser". The routine circumcision was carried out for each neonate according to protocol. P value was set at <0.05.
RESULTS
There were 231 neonates who had Plastibell circumcision. Their mean age, weight, SPL and PD were 15.6(±5.73) days, 3.7(±0.58) Kg, 3.66 (±0.58) cm and 3.79 (±0.64) cm, respectively. Plastibell size 1.3 is the most used (53.6%). There was a positive correlation between weight, SPL, PD, on one hand and Plastibell size , on the other hand with P-values of <0.001, <0.001 and <0.001 respectively. The weight was a weak determinant for Plastibell sizes 1.1 and 1.3: (OR 7.104; 95% CI 1.108 - 45.559; P = .039) and (OR 2.044; 95% CI 1.054 - 3.963; P = .034) respectively. The SPL is also a weak predictor for Plastibell sizes 1.2 and 1.5: (OR 2.176; 95% CI 1.136 -4.136; P = .019) and (OR .043; 95% CI .072 - .984; P = .047), respectively.
CONCLUSION
The anthropometric parameters correlate well with Plastibell sizes. However, they are not effective in predicting the appropriate sized Plastibell for neonatal circumcision.
Topics: Humans; Circumcision, Male; Male; Infant, Newborn; Penis; Anthropometry; Body Weight
PubMed: 38784201
DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.15