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PloS One 2020Tape measurement is a commonly used method in the clinical assessment of lymphedema. However, few studies have assessed the precision and reliability of tape measurement...
OBJECTIVES
Tape measurement is a commonly used method in the clinical assessment of lymphedema. However, few studies have assessed the precision and reliability of tape measurement in assessing head and neck lymphedema. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and precision of using tape measurement, performed by different evaluators, for the assessment of head and neck lymphedema.
METHODS
This study was conducted at a tertiary care cancer hospital. Between January and December 2019, 50 patients with head and neck cancers and 50 normal subjects were enrolled. Each subject was examined using tape measurements for 7 point-to-point distances of facial landmarks, 3 circumferences of the neck (upper, middle, and lower), and 2 circumferences of the face (vertical and oblique) by 3 random examiners. Test precision and reliability were assessed with the within-subject standard deviation (Sw) and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively.
RESULTS
Overall, the standard deviation of the tape measurements varied in the range of 4.6 mm to 18.3 mm. The measurement of distance between the tragus and mouth angle (Sw: 4.6 mm) yielded the highest precision, but the reliability (ICC: 0.66) was moderate. The reliabilities of neck circumference measurements (ICC: 0.90-0.95) were good to excellent, but the precisions (Sw: 8.3-12.3 mm) were lower than those of point-to-point facial measurements (Sw: 4.6-8.8 mm).
CONCLUSIONS
The different methods of tape measurements varied in precision and reliability. Thus, clinicians should not rely on a single measurement when evaluating head and neck lymphedema.
Topics: Adult; Anthropometry; Body Weights and Measures; Dimensional Measurement Accuracy; Female; Head; Humans; Lymphedema; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 32421740
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233395 -
Acta Medica Iranica Apr 2017The human body dimensions are affected by ecological, biological, geographical, racial, sex, and age factors. Craniofacial measurements can be considered to be one of...
The human body dimensions are affected by ecological, biological, geographical, racial, sex, and age factors. Craniofacial measurements can be considered to be one of the important tools for determination of the morphological characteristics of the head and face. In this study, which was conducted on Persian adolescents living in Kerman/Iran, different forms of head and face were determined for using in various aspects of medicine. The study was conducted on 732 participants including 366 males and 366 females in the age of 18-20-year-old. In addition to the height and weight of the participants, cephalofacial sizes of them were measured and then cephalic, facial, and brain indices were calculated. Among the cephalofacial sizes, cranial length and breadth, cranial circumference, prosopic length and prosopic breadth were significantly greater in males compared to females (P<0.005). Also, volume and weight of brain were significantly greater in male comparing to female participants (P<0.005). The predominant type of head was meso-cephal, and the predominant type of face was meso-prosopic in both sexes.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Anthropometry; Body Weight; Brain; Cephalometry; Face; Female; Head; Humans; Iran; Male; Skull; Young Adult
PubMed: 28532135
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Public Health Dec 2019Recent 24-h movement guidelines for the early years established recommendations for physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep. To date, few studies have...
BACKGROUND
Recent 24-h movement guidelines for the early years established recommendations for physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep. To date, few studies have focused on compliance with meeting the guidelines and their associations with health outcomes. Thus, we aimed to investigate: 1) compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines, and 2) associations between compliance and anthropometry in Finnish preschoolers.
METHODS
We utilized DAGIS survey data that were collected in 2015-2016 (N = 864). PA was assessed 24 h/day over 7 days using a waist-worn ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. ST and sleep were reported by the parents during the same 7 days. Anthropometry was assessed using body mass index (BMI, kg/m) and waist circumference (WC, cm). Children were classified as meeting the guidelines if they averaged ≥180 min/day of PA, which consisted of ≥60 min of moderate-to-vigorous intensity; ≤60 min/day of ST; and 10-13 h/day of sleep. In total, 778 children (51% boys, mean age: 4.7 ± 0.9 years) were included in the study. The compliance with meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was calculated for each behavior separately and in combinations. Adjusted linear regression analyses were applied to examine associations of compliance with BMI and WC.
RESULTS
Children were physically active on average 390 (±46.2) min/day and spent 86 (±25.5) min/day in moderate-to-vigorous PA. They spent 76 (±37.4) min/day on ST and had on average 10:21 (±0:33) h:min/day of sleep. The compliance rate in meeting all three movement guidelines overall was 24%. The highest compliance rate was found for PA (85%), followed by sleep (76%) and ST (35%). Meeting guidelines separately for PA or sleep, or for both, were associated with lower WC (PA: B = -1.37, p < 0.001; Sleep: B = -0.72, p = 0.009; PA + Sleep: B = -1.03, p < 0.001). In addition, meeting guidelines for sleep or for both PA and sleep were associated with lower BMI (Sleep: B = -0.26, p = 0.027; PA + Sleep: B = -0.30, p = 0.007). There were no significant associations found regarding ST.
CONCLUSIONS
Meeting recommendations for PA and sleep may have an important role in supporting a healthy weight status in young children. However, there is still a need to improve compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines, especially for ST.
Topics: Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Child Health; Child, Preschool; Exercise; Female; Finland; Guideline Adherence; Guidelines as Topic; Health Status; Humans; Male; Sedentary Behavior; Sleep; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 31796014
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7967-7 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Mar 2019Objective: to determinate the relationship between the anthropometric profile and the postural and dynamic balance in children from six to nine years old. Background:...
Objective: to determinate the relationship between the anthropometric profile and the postural and dynamic balance in children from six to nine years old. Background: balance or postural control is a complex motor skill that aims to achieve an adequate postural balance from multiple sensorimotor processes in both static and dynamic activities. Although the relationship between anthropometric measurements and postural balance in children has not been clearly defined, it has been suggested that they could negatively influence postural control. Methods: the sample included 158 schoolchildren (88 men and 70 women) who were between six and nine years old. The variables of the anthropometric profile studied were body mass, bipedal stature, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), sum skin-folds, body composition and somatotype. In addition, the static and dynamic postural balance was measured through posturography and the Y-Balance Test, respectively. The anthropometric measurements were correlated with the results of the postural balance tests. Results: moderate positive correlations between static postural balance, mainly in closed eyes condition, and BMI, PC, sum skin-folds, fat mass and endomorphy were found. Regarding the dynamic postural balance, moderate negative correlations were observed between the performance of the Y-Balance Test and body mass, bipedal stature, BMI, sum skin-folds, fat mass, skin mass and endomorphy. Conclusion: children with higher adiposity and/or predominance of the endomorphic component have a lower performance in static and dynamic postural balance tests.
Topics: Anthropometry; Body Composition; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Motor Skills; Postural Balance; Skinfold Thickness; Somatotypes; Waist Circumference; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 30821164
DOI: 10.20960/nh.02072 -
Arthritis Care & Research Jan 2013To determine the prevalence of obesity and how accurately standard anthropometric measures identify obesity among men and women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of obesity and how accurately standard anthropometric measures identify obesity among men and women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
METHODS
Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed for 141 persons with RA (56 men and 85 women). Two anthropometric proxies of obesity (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]) were compared to a DXA-based obesity criterion. Receiver operating characteristic curves determined optimal cut points for each anthropometric measure, relative to DXA. The association of body fat and anthropometric obesity measures with disease status and cardiovascular risk was assessed in multiple regression analyses, controlling for age and glucocorticoid use. All analyses were performed separately for men and women.
RESULTS
A total of 20%, 32%, and 44% of women and 41%, 36%, and 80% of men were classified as obese by BMI, WC, and DXA, respectively. Cut points were identified for anthropometric measures to better approximate DXA estimates of percent body fat (BMI ≥26.1 kg/m(2) for women and ≥24.7 kg/m(2) for men; WC ≥83 cm for women and ≥96 cm for men). For women and men, higher percent fat was associated with poorer RA status. Anthropometric measures were more closely linked to RA status for women, but identified cardiovascular risk for both women and men.
CONCLUSION
A large percentage of this RA sample was overfat; DXA-defined obesity was twice as common in men as in women. Utility of revised BMI and WC cut points compared to traditional cut points remains to be examined in prospective studies, but results suggest that lower, sex-specific cut points may be warranted to better identify individuals at risk for poor RA and/or cardiovascular outcomes.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adiposity; Aged; Anthropometry; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Factors; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sex Factors; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 22833513
DOI: 10.1002/acr.21810 -
Deuterium oxide dilution and body composition in overweight and obese schoolchildren aged 6-9 years.Jornal de Pediatria 2016To correlate different methods of body composition assessment in overweight or obese schoolchildren, using deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution as a reference.
OBJECTIVE
To correlate different methods of body composition assessment in overweight or obese schoolchildren, using deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution as a reference.
METHODS
Percentage of total body water (%TBW), fat free mass (%FFM), and body fat (%BF) were assessed by D2O and tetrapolar electrical bioimpedance analysis (BIA) in 54 obese and overweight students aged 6-9 years. Skinfold thickness (ST), body mass index (BMI), conicity index (CI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio were also used.
RESULTS
Mean values for body composition were 38.4%±8.4% BF, 44.9%±6.1% TBW and 61.6%±8.4% FFM. There was no significant difference in body weight, body fat mass (FM), TBW, and FFM between genders. Regarding D2O, ST underestimated %BF, and overestimated %FFM in both genders (p<0.05). BIA overestimated %TBW in the group as a whole and in males (p<0.05). The only positive and strong correlations occurred in females regarding the WC (σ=0.679), CI (r=0.634), and WHtR (r=0.666).
CONCLUSIONS
In this sample of obese and overweight children, there were strong correlations between body composition measured by D2O and some indices and anthropometric indicators in females, but there was no positive and strong correlation of fat tissue with the indices/indicators at all ages and in both genders.
Topics: Anthropometry; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Body Water; Child; Deuterium Oxide; Electric Impedance; Female; Humans; Indicator Dilution Techniques; Male; Obesity; Overweight; Sex Factors; Skinfold Thickness; Waist Circumference; Waist-Height Ratio
PubMed: 26247920
DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2015.03.007 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Jun 2022Introduction: studying the percentage of body fat (%BF) in children and adolescents is very relevant, since a high level of body fat in childhood and adolescence...
Introduction: studying the percentage of body fat (%BF) in children and adolescents is very relevant, since a high level of body fat in childhood and adolescence represents overweight and obesity. Objective: to identify the anthropometric indicators related to %BF and to validate regression equations to predict %BF in children and adolescents using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a reference method. Methods: a descriptive study (cross-sectional) was designed in 1126 schoolchildren (588 males and 538 females) from the Maule region (Chile). The age range ranged from 6.0 to 17.9 years. Weight, height, two skinfolds (tricipital and subscapular and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI), triponderal mass index (TMI), waist height index (WHtR) were calculated. Body fat percentage (%BF) was assessed by DXA scanning. Results: the relationships between Σ (Tricipital + Subscapular), TMI and WHtR with %BF (DXA) ranged from R2 = 52 % to 54 % in men, and from R2 = 41 % to 49 % in women. The equations generated for men were: %BF = 9.775 + [(0.415 * (Tr + SE)] + (35.084 * WHtR) - (0.828 * age), R2 = 70 %, and %BF = 20.720 + [(0.492 * (Tr + SE)] + (0.354 * TMI) - (0.923 * age), R2 = 68 %], and for women: %BF = 8.608 + [(0.291 * (Tr + SE)] + (38.893 * WHtR) - (0.176 * age), R2 = 60 %, and %BF = 16.087 + [(0.306 * (Tr + SE)] + (0.818 * TMI) - (0.300 * age), R2 = 59 %. Conclusion: this study showed that the sum of tricipital and subscapular skinfolds, IP and WHtR are adequate predictors of %BF. These indicators allowed the development of two regression equations acceptable in terms of precision and accuracy to predict %BF in children and adolescents of both sexes.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adolescent; Anthropometry; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Child; Chile; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 35485372
DOI: 10.20960/nh.03636 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Feb 2017Introduction: The use of reliable, valid and precise skinfold calipers are key for an adequate anthropometric evaluation and corporal composition analysis. Objective: To... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Introduction: The use of reliable, valid and precise skinfold calipers are key for an adequate anthropometric evaluation and corporal composition analysis. Objective: To compare five models of skinfold calipers -Prime Vision (PV); Harpenden (HP); Sanny (SN); Cescorf (CE); Lange (LA)-. Materials and methods:Thirty-five men (age = 21.5 ± 2.7 y; body mass 72.2 ± 8.0 kg; height 1.76 ± 0.06 m) were recruited and skinfolds (i.e.,triceps, biceps, subscapular, pectoral, mid-axillary, suprailiac, abdominal, mid-tight, mid-calf) were measured. Four body fat predictive equations (Durnin y Wimberley; Pollock 3DC; Pollock 7DC; Petroski) were used. Normality assumption for all data was verified with the Shapiro-Wilk test. Predicted body density and fat were compared between skinfold calipers using a two-way ANOVA, with Scheffe post hoc procedures. The αlevel was set at p ≤ 0.05 for statistical significance. Results: No significant differences were observed between skinfold calipers for predicted body density or body fat. Conclusion: Skinfold calipers compared in this study are precise and efficient to quantify and assess body density and body fat.
Topics: Adiposity; Anthropometry; Humans; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Skinfold Thickness; Young Adult
PubMed: 28244780
DOI: 10.20960/nh.985 -
Journal of Mother and Child Jun 2023Anthropometry is a universally applicable, non-expensive, rapid and noninvasive technique used to evaluate and reflect the nutritional status of an individual....
BACKGROUND
Anthropometry is a universally applicable, non-expensive, rapid and noninvasive technique used to evaluate and reflect the nutritional status of an individual. Anthropometric measurements of newborns reflect their general health, nutritional status and future survival by tracking trends in growth and development over time. It has also considerable significance in terms of determining the risk of death and extra uterine complications. Most previously conducted studies assessing newborn anthropometry had used birth weight as the sole parameter. But it is apparent that other anthropometric measurements, such as length and head circumference, are also important in predicting short-term and long-term outcomes. So this study assesses anthropometric measurements of singleton live full-term newborns at University of Gondar comprehensive specialised hospital, Ethiopia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 333 newborn from 5 June to 11 July 2022, in the maternity and neonatal ward of University of Gondar comprehensive specialised hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. The Kobo toolbox software platform was used for data collection, and STATA software version 16 was used for analysis.
RESULTS
The mean birth weight, length and head circumference of the newborns in the current study were 2977 grams (95% CI: 2935.7, 3018.3), 47.05 centimeters (95% CI: 46.72-47.37) and 34.7 centimeters (95% CI: 34.6, 34.88), respectively. The prevalence of SGA (< 10th percentile) and LGA (> 90th percentile) was 20.12% and 6.01%, respectively. Independent samples t-test was done to see the association of newborn sex with anthropometric indices, and the result showed that the difference was statistically insignificant in all of anthropometric parameters.
CONCLUSION
This study of normal reference values will provide basic step for future standardisation of Ethiopian term newborns anthropometric parameters to be used for accurate assessment of newborns.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Birth Weight; Ethiopia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anthropometry; Hospitals
PubMed: 37991974
DOI: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20232701.d-23-00043 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Nov 2017Anthropometry and functional fitness (FF) are fundamental aspects for functional independence conservation of older adults (OA). However, little has been investigated in...
INTRODUCTION
Anthropometry and functional fitness (FF) are fundamental aspects for functional independence conservation of older adults (OA). However, little has been investigated in chilean OA.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze anthropometric and FF characteristics of non-disabled OA.
METHODS
One hundred and sixteen subjects participated in the study. It was determined the prevalence of weight categories (Body Mass Index [BMI]) and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) (Waist Circumference [WC], Waist-Hip Ratio [WHR] and Waist-to-Height ratio [WHtR]). Additionally, "under the norm" physical performance and performance standards (Senior Fitness Test Battery [SFT]). Anthropometric and FF differences were analyzed according sex and age categories.
RESULTS
A total of 63.8% and 73.5% of men and women respectively were overweight. The highest prevalence of CMR was obtained through WHtR and the tests with the highest prevalence of low performance were 2-minute step Test and Back scratch Test. The performance standard was reached in 29.7% and 17.3%, in men and women respectively. Men presented greater height, WHR, strength and aerobic capacity. Women had greater hip circumference, BMI, WHtR and flexibility. These results tends to be maintained in the analyzes according age categories.
CONCLUSIONS
The studied sample presented a high prevalence of overweight, CMR and low physical performance especially in women. Due its low cost and complexity, it is proposed that integral evaluation of anthropometric and FF parameters should be implemented in primary care programs aimed to preserving functionality of OA.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Chile; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Independent Living; Male; Physical Fitness; Waist Circumference; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 29280646
DOI: 10.20960/nh.1288