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Alternative Therapies in Health and... May 2022This study aimed to investigate the effect of building Trust in Nurses (TN) on improving respiratory function, quality of life (QoL) and the self-management ability of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the effect of building Trust in Nurses (TN) on improving respiratory function, quality of life (QoL) and the self-management ability of patients with bronchopneumonia.
METHODS
A total of 92 patients hospitalized in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University in China between November 2019 and October 2020 were prospectively included in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to either the TN group (intervention group; n = 46) or routine nursing (control group; n = 46). Clinical symptom improvement time, pre- and post- pulmonary function (PF) after the nursing intervention, QoL, self-management ability, patient compliance and satisfaction in the 2 groups were recorded and compared.
RESULTS
Clinical symptom improvement time, including the resolution of cough, lung rales, expectoration and wheezing in the TN group were significantly shorter than in the control group (P < .001). PF, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and mid-maximum expiratory flow (MMEF) velocity 25% to 75% in the TN group were significantly better than in the control group (P < .001). In addition, patient QoL based on the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) (P < .001), self-management ability based on the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA) (P < .001), good compliance rate (P = .024) and satisfaction rate (P = .024) in the TN group were all significantly better than in the control group.
CONCLUSION
Building TN was an effective intervention in patients with bronchopneumonia, and was beneficial for improving clinical symptoms, PF, QoL, self-management ability, compliance and the satisfaction rate in patients.
Topics: Bronchopneumonia; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Nurse-Patient Relations; Nurses; Quality of Life; Respiratory Function Tests; Self-Management; Trust
PubMed: 35452414
DOI: No ID Found -
Computational and Mathematical Methods... 2022BP neural network (BPNN) model and support vector machine (SVM) model were used to predict the total hospitalization expenses of patients with bronchopneumonia.
OBJECTIVE
BP neural network (BPNN) model and support vector machine (SVM) model were used to predict the total hospitalization expenses of patients with bronchopneumonia.
METHODS
A total of 355 patients with bronchopneumonia from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected and sorted out. The data set was randomly divided into a training set ( = 249) and a test set ( = 106) according to 7 : 3. The BPNN model and SVM model were constructed to analyze the predictors of total hospitalization expenses. The effectiveness was compared between these two prediction models.
RESULTS
The top three influencing factors and their importance for predicting total hospitalization cost by the BPNN model were hospitalization days (0.477), age (0.154), and discharge department (0.083). The top 3 factors predicted by the SVM model were hospitalization days (0.215), age (0.196), and marital status (0.172). The area under the curve of these two models is 0.838 (95% CI: 0.755~0.921) and 0.889 (95% CI: 0.819~0.959), respectively.
CONCLUSION
Both the BPNN model and SVM model can predict the total hospitalization expenses of patients with bronchopneumonia, but the prediction effect of the SVM model is better than the BPNN model.
Topics: Bronchopneumonia; Hospitalization; Humans; Inpatients; Neural Networks, Computer; Support Vector Machine
PubMed: 35633928
DOI: 10.1155/2022/9275801 -
Journal of Personalized Medicine May 2021The aim of this study was to compare the results of automatic assessment of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) by artificial intelligence (AI) in 150 patients...
The aim of this study was to compare the results of automatic assessment of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) by artificial intelligence (AI) in 150 patients from three subgroups: pneumonia in the course of COVID-19, bronchopneumonia and atypical pneumonia. The volume percentage of inflammation and the volume percentage of "ground glass" were significantly higher in the atypical (respectively, 11.04%, 8.61%) and the COVID-19 (12.41%, 10.41%) subgroups compared to the bronchopneumonia (5.12%, 3.42%) subgroup. The volume percentage of consolidation was significantly higher in the COVID-19 (2.95%) subgroup compared to the atypical (1.26%) subgroup. The percentage of "ground glass" in the volume of inflammation was significantly higher in the atypical (89.85%) subgroup compared to the COVID-19 (79.06%) subgroup, which in turn was significantly higher compared to the bronchopneumonia (68.26%) subgroup. HRCT chest images, analyzed automatically by artificial intelligence software, taking into account the structure including "ground glass" and consolidation, significantly differ in three subgroups: COVID-19 pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and atypical pneumonia. However, the partial overlap, particularly between COVID-19 pneumonia and atypical pneumonia, may limit the usefulness of automatic analysis in differentiating the etiology. In our future research, we plan to use artificial intelligence for objective assessment of the dynamics of pulmonary lesions during COVID-19 pneumonia.
PubMed: 34068751
DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050391 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2020Pediatric bronchopneumonia is one of the common respiratory diseases in pediatrics. Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) are widely used to treat pediatric bronchopneumonia.... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Pediatric bronchopneumonia is one of the common respiratory diseases in pediatrics. Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) are widely used to treat pediatric bronchopneumonia. In this study, we examined the efficacy of CHIs in the treatment of pediatric bronchopneumonia using a network meta-analysis (NMA).
METHODS
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CHIs combined western medicine (WM) versus WM were searched from electronic databases. WinBUGS 1.4.3 and Stata 13.0 were adopted to compute calculations and prepare graphs, respectively.
RESULTS
168 RCTs with 21917 patients were included. The results revealed that Xixinnao injection (XXN) + WM had the most probability to be the best intervention in the four aspects of rate of clinical efficacy, antipyretic time, cough disappearance time, and lung shadow disappearance time. While as to lung shadow disappearance time, asthma disappearance time, and hospitalization time, Yanhuning injection (YHN) + WM could be the best intervention. The safety of CHIs needs to be further assessed.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on this NMA, XXN + WM and YHN + WM were potential optimal therapies in pediatric bronchopneumonia, and their safety should be strictly monitored.
PubMed: 32565867
DOI: 10.1155/2020/6127197 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Sep 2022Ever since it was first described in 1760, acute type A aortic dissection has created difficulties in its management. The recent COVID-19 pandemic revealed that... (Review)
Review
Delayed Surgical Management of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection in a Patient with Recent COVID-19 Infection and Post-COVID-19 Bronchopneumonia-Case Report and Review of Literature.
Ever since it was first described in 1760, acute type A aortic dissection has created difficulties in its management. The recent COVID-19 pandemic revealed that extrapulmonary manifestations of this condition may occur, and recent reports suggested that aortic dissection may be amongst them since it shares a common physiopathology, that is, hyper-inflammatory syndrome. Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in the setting of COVID-19-positive patients carries a high risk of postoperative respiratory failure. While the vast majority accept that management of type A aortic dissection requires urgent surgery and central aortic therapy, there are some reports that advocate for delaying surgery. In this situation, the risk of aortic rupture must be balanced with the possible benefits of delaying urgent surgery. We present a case of acute type A dissection with COVID-19-associated bronchopneumonia successfully managed after delaying surgery for 6 days.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Bronchopneumonia; Pandemics; Aortic Dissection; Aortic Rupture; Acute Disease; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36295518
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101357 -
PloS One 2022Influenza viruses (Inf-V) are an important cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in children. This study was undertaken to describe the clinical and epidemiological...
Influenza viruses (Inf-V) are an important cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in children. This study was undertaken to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Inf-V infections in a sample of hospitalized children with ARI. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) from 500 children between 1 month to 5 years old with symptoms of ARI were collected at the Teaching Hospital Kegalle Sri Lanka From May 2016 to June 2018, NPAs were tested for influenza A (Inf-A) and B (Inf-B) viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), human parainfluenza virus (hPIV) 1-3 using an immunofluorescence assay. The Inf-V were then subtyped using a multiplex RT-PCR. Inf-V were detected in 10.75% (54/502) of the hospitalized children with ARI and in that 5.57% (28/502) were positive for Inf-A and 5.17% (26/502) were positive for Inf-B. Of the 54 Inf-V positive children, 33 were aged between 6 and 20 months. Of the 28 children infected with Inf-A, 15 had uncharacterized lower respiratory infection, 7 had bronchopneumonia and 6 had bronchiolitis. Of the 26 children infected with Inf-B, 11 had uncharacterized lower respiratory infection, 10 had bronchiolitis, and 4 had bronchopneumonia. Inf-B circulated throughout the year with a few peaks, one in June and then in August followed by November to December in 2016 and one in April 2017 and January 2018. Inf-A circulated throughout the year with a major peak in March to April 2017 and July 2018. ARI was more common in boys compared to girls. Majority of the children infected with Inf-V were diagnosed with uncharacterized lower respiratory infection and mild to moderate bronchiolitis. Inf-V infections were prevalent throughout the year in the study area of Sri Lanka with variations in the type of the circulating virus.
Topics: Bronchopneumonia; Child; Child, Hospitalized; Communicable Diseases; Female; Humans; Infant; Influenza, Human; Male; Orthomyxoviridae; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sri Lanka; Viruses
PubMed: 36054097
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272415 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Oct 2023To analyze the factors influencing the diagnosis and treatment of tracheobronchial foreign bodies (TFBs) in children.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the factors influencing the diagnosis and treatment of tracheobronchial foreign bodies (TFBs) in children.
METHODS
The clinical data of 300 consecutive children with suspected TFBs who were admitted to our department between January 2016 and December 2019 were retrospectively collected, including demographics, diagnosis, history of foreign body inhalation, preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) findings, duration of foreign body retention, time from admission to operation, operation duration, duration of hospitalization, and complications.
RESULTS
Among the 300 cases, the male:female ratio was 193:107, and the age range was 6 months to 12 years (median age: 19 months). A total of 291 cases (97.0%) involved TFBs confirmed by rigid bronchoscopy, while the other 9 cases (3.0%) involved bronchopneumonia. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of a history of foreign body inhalation and chest CT were 96.0%, 98.6%, and 11.1% and 97.7%, 97.6%, and 100%, respectively. The duration of hospitalization, time from admission to operation, and operation duration were all related to bronchopneumonia ( < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
A detailed history, adequate physical examination, and preoperative imaging examination help improve the diagnostic accuracy. Preoperative bronchopneumonia in children with TFBs will increase the surgical risks and treatment costs, prolonging the duration of hospitalization.
Topics: Child; Humans; Male; Female; Infant; Bronchi; Bronchopneumonia; Retrospective Studies; Trachea; Bronchoscopy; Foreign Bodies
PubMed: 34112007
DOI: 10.1177/01455613211023019 -
Pathologica Apr 2022Respiratory tract infections remain a common problem in clinical practice with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Portugal, pneumonia was the third leading death...
OBJECTIVE
Respiratory tract infections remain a common problem in clinical practice with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Portugal, pneumonia was the third leading death cause in 2018. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing concern about the burden of respiratory diseases and preventable risk factors. The present study started before the pandemic and its aim was to determine the occurrence of pneumonia/bronchopneumonia in a postmortem series and to characterize its circumstantial context.
METHODS
A retrospective anatomopathological study was performed on cases with acute pneumonia/bronchopneumonia at the Medicolegal Portuguese Institute (2011-2017).
RESULTS
In an autopsy series of 737 patients, 521 were male and 675 presented comorbidities. The mean age was 63.87 ± 19.8 years. The most common acquisition site was community (65.1%), as natural death (65.5%). Concerning the manner of death, most cases (48.0%) were sudden deaths, followed by accidents (29.2%). A statistically significant association was observed between the medicolegal etiology and the place of infection acquisition, with higher prevalence of natural obitus (91.0%) in community-acquired pneumonia/bronchopneumonia versus higher prevalence of violent obitus in hospital-acquired pneumonia/bronchopneumonia (82.1%) (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Forensic anatomopathological postmortem data may contribute to better understand community and hospital pulmonary infections.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bronchopneumonia; COVID-19; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Pneumonia; Respiratory Tract Infections; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35481565
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-306 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood May 1986Tuberculosis rarely presents in the neonatal period. Though treatable, it may be fatal despite modern treatment. The diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis should be...
Tuberculosis rarely presents in the neonatal period. Though treatable, it may be fatal despite modern treatment. The diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis should be considered in any neonate with pneumonia that fails to respond to conventional treatment, particularly in a child from an ethnic or socioeconomic environment where tuberculosis is prevalent.
Topics: Adult; Bronchopneumonia; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pregnancy; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
PubMed: 3718000
DOI: 10.1136/adc.61.5.512 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Feb 1995To assess histopathologists' ability to accurately diagnose bronchopneumonia, both on naked eye and microscopic examination; to extrapolate from the error rate to...
OBJECTIVES
To assess histopathologists' ability to accurately diagnose bronchopneumonia, both on naked eye and microscopic examination; to extrapolate from the error rate to determine whether the role of the necropsy in monitoring the epidemiology of clinical error might be compromised.
METHODS
Review of archival histological sections and necropsy reports from two teaching hospitals in Manchester. The main outcome measures identified were the proportions of macroscopic diagnoses of bronchopneumonia which were confirmed by the original pathologist on histological examination, and which could be confirmed on histological review by independent pathologists, together with the proportion of discrepant diagnoses remedied in the final report by the original pathologist.
RESULTS
Of 279 cases where a macroscopic diagnosis of bronchopneumonia had been noted in the original provisional necropsy report, the original histopathologist described bronchopneumonia in only 206 (73.8%) in the subsequent final report, which took histology into account. Bronchopneumonia could be confirmed on independent histological review in only 193 (69.2%) of these cases. The original histopathologist diagnosed 74 cases of bronchopneumonia on histological grounds only, of which only 57 (77.0%) could be confirmed on review. Of a total of 160 discrepancies between the original naked eye diagnoses and the final reviewed diagnoses, only 130 (81.3%) had been remedied by the original pathologist.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a considerable discrepancy rate between naked eye diagnoses of bronchopneumonia at necropsy and diagnoses confirmed on microscopy. If this discrepancy rate is extrapolated to other common lesions, then the role of the necropsy in clinical audit may be compromised. Pathologists need to take steps to monitor and improve their own diagnostic standards.
Topics: Autopsy; Bronchopneumonia; Diagnosis, Differential; Histology; Humans; Medical Audit; Professional Competence
PubMed: 7745109
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.48.2.120