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Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Oct 2023
Topics: Child; Humans; Corynebacterium; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Bacteremia
PubMed: 37462015
DOI: 10.37201/req/126.2022 -
The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine Nov 2016Spontaneous Corynebacterium spondylodiskitis is an unusual diagnosis of spondylodiskitis, especially in healthy patients without any significant past medical history. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Spontaneous Corynebacterium spondylodiskitis is an unusual diagnosis of spondylodiskitis, especially in healthy patients without any significant past medical history.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We describe the case of a 78-year-old man with progressive low back pain for 3 months, irradiating down the lower limbs through L5 and S1 root pathways, associated with distal muscle weakness in both lower limbs. He had no history of trauma or medical problems. Laboratory investigation revealed elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, without leukocytosis. The magnetic resonance findings demonstrated an extensive L5-S1 spondylodiskitis and L4-L5 anterolisthesis. Prior to spinopelvic fixation and posterolateral fusion, a substantial debridement was performed. The obtained tissue samples were submitted to pathological and microbiological studies, which identified Corynebacterium infection.
RESULTS
One month after surgery, the pain diminished dramatically and the CRP titer diminished significantly.
CONCLUSION
Although cases are very rare, spontaneous Corynebacterium spondylodiskitis, with substantial invasion of the spine, may develop in patients lacking any history of medical or surgical problems.
Topics: Aged; Corynebacterium; Discitis; Humans; Male
PubMed: 26111121
DOI: 10.1179/2045772315Y.0000000040 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Aug 2021
Topics: Corynebacterium; Exudates and Transudates; Humans; Otitis Media
PubMed: 34081421
DOI: 10.37201/req/011.2021 -
Microbial Cell Factories Jan 2022Agmatine is a member of biogenic amines and is an important medicine which is widely used to regulate body balance and neuroprotective effects. At present, the...
BACKGROUND
Agmatine is a member of biogenic amines and is an important medicine which is widely used to regulate body balance and neuroprotective effects. At present, the industrial production of agmatine mainly depends on the chemical method, but it is often accompanied by problems including cumbersome processes, harsh reaction conditions, toxic substances production and heavy environmental pollution. Therefore, to tackle the above issues, arginine decarboxylase was overexpressed heterologously and rationally designed in Corynebacterium crenatum to produce agmatine from glucose by one-step fermentation.
RESULTS
In this study, we report the development in the Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) L-arginine-overproducing C. crenatum for high-titer agmatine biosynthesis through overexpressing arginine decarboxylase based on metabolic engineering. Then, arginine decarboxylase was mutated to release feedback inhibition and improve catalytic activity. Subsequently, the specific enzyme activity and half-inhibitory concentration of I534D mutant were increased 35.7% and 48.1%, respectively. The agmatine production of the whole-cell bioconversion with AGM3 was increased by 19.3% than the AGM2. Finally, 45.26 g/L agmatine with the yield of 0.31 g/g glucose was achieved by one-step fermentation of the engineered C. crenatum with overexpression of speA.
CONCLUSIONS
The engineered C. crenatum strain AGM3 in this work was proved as an efficient microbial cell factory for the industrial fermentative production of agmatine. Based on the insights from this work, further producing other valuable biochemicals derived from L-arginine by Corynebacterium crenatum is feasible.
Topics: Agmatine; Arginine; Carboxy-Lyases; Corynebacterium; Fermentation; Glucose; Industrial Microbiology; Metabolic Engineering; Recombinant Proteins
PubMed: 35101042
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01742-3 -
Microbial Genomics Jan 2023Antimicrobial therapy is important for case management of diphtheria, but knowledge on the emergence of multidrug-resistance in is scarce. We report on the genomic...
Antimicrobial therapy is important for case management of diphtheria, but knowledge on the emergence of multidrug-resistance in is scarce. We report on the genomic features of two multidrug-resistant toxigenic isolates sampled from wounds in France 3 years apart. Both isolates were resistant to spiramycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, kanamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Genes and ) were clustered in two genomic islands, one consisting of two transposons and one integron, the other being flanked by two IS6100 insertion sequences. One isolate additionally presented mutations in and and was resistant to ciprofloxacin and rifampicin. Both isolates belonged to sublineage 453 (SL453), together with 25 isolates from 11 other countries (https://bigsdb.pasteur.fr/diphtheria/). SL453 is a cosmopolitan toxigenic sublineage of a subset of which acquired multidrug resistance. Even though penicillin, amoxicillin and erythromycin, recommended as the first line in the treatment of diphtheria, remain active, surveillance of diphtheria should consider the risk of dissemination of multidrug-resistant strains and their genetic elements.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Corynebacterium diphtheriae; Genomic Islands; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
PubMed: 36748453
DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000923 -
Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen... Mar 2020BackgroundDiphtheria is a potentially fatal disease caused by toxigenic strains of or AimOur objective was to review the epidemiology of diphtheria in the United...
BackgroundDiphtheria is a potentially fatal disease caused by toxigenic strains of or AimOur objective was to review the epidemiology of diphtheria in the United Kingdom (UK) and the impact of recent changes in public health management and surveillance.MethodsPutative human toxigenic diphtheria isolates in the UK are sent for species confirmation and toxigenicity testing to the National Reference Laboratory. Clinical, epidemiological and microbiological information for toxigenic cases between 2009 and 2017 are described in this population-based prospective surveillance study.ResultsThere were 33 toxigenic cases of diphtheria aged 4 to 82 years. Causative species were (n = 18) and (n = 15). Most cases were cutaneous (14/18) while more than half of cases had respiratory presentations (8/15). Two thirds (23/33) of cases were inadequately immunised. Two cases with infections died, both inadequately immunised. The major risk factor for aquisition was travel to an endemic area and for contact with a companion animal. Most confirmed or isolates (441/507; 87%) submitted for toxigenicity testing were non-toxigenic however, toxin positivity rates were higher (15/23) for than (18/469). Ten non-toxigenic toxin gene-bearing (NTTB) were also detected.ConclusionDiphtheria is a rare disease in the UK. In the last decade, milder cutaneous cases have become more frequent. Incomplete vaccination status was strongly associated with the risk of hospitalisation and death.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Corynebacterium; Corynebacterium Infections; Corynebacterium diphtheriae; Diphtheria; Diphtheria Toxin; Diphtheria Toxoid; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Population Surveillance; Prospective Studies; Public Health Administration; Public Health Surveillance; Travel; United Kingdom; Young Adult
PubMed: 32209165
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.1900462 -
BMC Genomics Aug 2019Iron is an essential micronutrient for the growth and development of virtually all living organisms, playing a pivotal role in the proliferative capability of many...
BACKGROUND
Iron is an essential micronutrient for the growth and development of virtually all living organisms, playing a pivotal role in the proliferative capability of many bacterial pathogens. The impact that the bioavailability of iron has on the transcriptional response of bacterial species in the CMNR group has been widely reported for some members of the group, but it hasn't yet been as deeply explored in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Here we describe for the first time a comprehensive RNA-seq whole transcriptome analysis of the T1 wild-type and the Cp13 mutant strains of C. pseudotuberculosis under iron restriction. The Cp13 mutant strain was generated by transposition mutagenesis of the ciuA gene, which encodes a surface siderophore-binding protein involved in the acquisition of iron. Iron-regulated acquisition systems are crucial for the pathogenesis of bacteria and are relevant targets to the design of new effective therapeutic approaches.
RESULTS
Transcriptome analyses showed differential expression in 77 genes within the wild-type parental T1 strain and 59 genes in Cp13 mutant under iron restriction. Twenty-five of these genes had similar expression patterns in both strains, including up-regulated genes homologous to the hemin uptake hmu locus and two distinct operons encoding proteins structurally like hemin and Hb-binding surface proteins of C. diphtheriae, which were remarkably expressed at higher levels in the Cp13 mutant than in the T1 wild-type strain. These hemin transport protein genes were found to be located within genomic islands associated with known virulent factors. Down-regulated genes encoding iron and heme-containing components of the respiratory chain (including ctaCEF and qcrCAB genes) and up-regulated known iron/DtxR-regulated transcription factors, namely ripA and hrrA, were also identified differentially expressed in both strains under iron restriction.
CONCLUSION
Based on our results, it can be deduced that the transcriptional response of C. pseudotuberculosis under iron restriction involves the control of intracellular utilization of iron and the up-regulation of hemin acquisition systems. These findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional response of C. pseudotuberculosis, adding important understanding of the gene regulatory adaptation of this pathogen and revealing target genes that can aid the development of effective therapeutic strategies against this important pathogen.
Topics: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Regulatory Networks; Genomic Islands; Iron Deficiencies; Microbial Viability; Mutation; Transcription, Genetic
PubMed: 31429699
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6018-1 -
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and... Oct 2021Corynebacterium striatum was confirmed to be an important opportunistic pathogen, which could lead to multiple-site infections and presented high prevalence of...
BACKGROUND
Corynebacterium striatum was confirmed to be an important opportunistic pathogen, which could lead to multiple-site infections and presented high prevalence of multidrug resistance, particularly to quinolone antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying resistance to quinolones and the epidemiological features of 410 quinolone-resistant C. striatum clinical strains isolated from three tertiary hospitals in China.
METHODS
A total of 410 C. striatum clinical strains were isolated from different clinical samples of patients admitted to three tertiary teaching hospitals in China. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution broth method and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used for genotyping. Gene sequencing was used to identify possible mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA.
RESULTS
In total, 410 C. striatum isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin but resistant to ciprofloxacin. Depending on the antibiotic susceptibility testing results of 12 antimicrobial agents, the 410 C. striatum strains were classified into 12 resistant biotypes; of these, the three biotypes R1, R2, and R3 were dominant and accounted for 47.3% (194/410), 21.0% (86/410), and 23.2% (95/410) of the resistant biotypes, respectively. Mutations in the QRDRs ofgyrA were detected in all quinolone-resistant C. striatum isolates, and 97.3% of the isolates (399/410) showed double mutations in codons 87 and 91 of the QRDRs of gyrA. Ser-87 to Phe-87 and Asp-91 to Ala-91 double mutation in C. striatum was the most prevalent and accounted for 72.2% (296/410) of all mutations. Four new mutations in gyrA were identified in this study; these included Ser-87 to Tyr-87 and Asp-91 to Ala-91 (double mutation, 101 isolates); Ser-87 to Val-87 and Asp-91 toGly-91 (double mutation, one isolate); Ser-87 to Val-87 and Asp-91 to Ala-91 (double mutation, one isolate); and Ser-87 to Ile-87 (single mutation, one isolate). The minimum inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin for isolates with double (96.5%; 385/399) and single (72.7%; 8/11) mutations was high (≥ 32 µg/mL). Based on the PFGE typing results, 101 randomly selected C. striatum strains were classified into 50 genotypes (T01-T50), including the three multidrug-resistant epidemic clones T02, T06, and T28; these accounted for 14.9% (15/101), 5.9% (6/101), and 11.9% (12/101) of all genotypes, respectively. The multidrug-resistant T02 clone was identified in hospitals A and C and persisted from 2016 to 2018. Three outbreaks resulting from the T02, T06, and T28 clones were observed among intensive care unit (ICU) patients in hospital C between April and May 2019.
CONCLUSIONS
Quinolone-resistant C. striatum isolates showed a high prevalence of multidrug resistance. Point mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA conferred quinolone resistance to C. striatum, and several mutations in gyrA were newly found in this study. The great clonal diversity, high-level quinolone resistance and increased prevalence among patients susceptible to C. striatum isolates deserve more attention in the future. Moreover, more thorough investigation of the relationship between quinolone exposure and resistance evolution in C. striatum is necessary.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Corynebacterium; Corynebacterium Infections; Cross Infection; DNA Gyrase; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Female; Genotype; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mutation; Quinolones; Tertiary Care Centers
PubMed: 34598679
DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00477-0 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 1997Coryneform bacteria are aerobically growing, asporogenous, non-partially-acid-fast, gram-positive rods of irregular morphology. Within the last few years, there has been... (Review)
Review
Coryneform bacteria are aerobically growing, asporogenous, non-partially-acid-fast, gram-positive rods of irregular morphology. Within the last few years, there has been a massive increase in the number of publications related to all aspects of their clinical microbiology. Clinical microbiologists are often confronted with making identifications within this heterogeneous group as well as with considerations of the clinical significance of such isolates. This review provides comprehensive information on the identification of coryneform bacteria and outlines recent changes in taxonomy. The following genera are covered: Corynebacterium, Turicella, Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Dermabacter. Propionibacterium, Rothia, Exiguobacterium, Oerskovia, Cellulomonas, Sanguibacter, Microbacterium, Aureobacterium, "Corynebacterium aquaticum," Arcanobacterium, and Actinomyces. Case reports claiming disease associations of coryneform bacteria are critically reviewed. Minimal microbiological requirements for publications on disease associations of coryneform bacteria are proposed.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Bacteriological Techniques; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; Corynebacterium; Corynebacterium Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; United States
PubMed: 8993861
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.10.1.125 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Dec 2020Corynebacterium urealyticum is a non-diphtherial urease-producing clinically relevant corynebacterium associated with urinary tract infections. Most clinical C....
OBJECTIVES
Corynebacterium urealyticum is a non-diphtherial urease-producing clinically relevant corynebacterium associated with urinary tract infections. Most clinical C. urealyticum isolates are multidrug-resistant. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of C. urealyticum VH4248 isolated from a clinical urine sample at Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain, was performed to predict its antimicrobial resistance profile and to compare it with results of culture-based phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
METHODS
Classical microbiological methods and VITEK® MS were used for isolation and initial identification of strain VH4248. Draft genome sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform, followed by assembly and annotation using SPAdes and RAST. Resistance genes were identified through PATRIC, the Pathosystems Resource Integration Center. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis was done using the EDGAR and OrthoANI databases. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Etest.
RESULTS
Isolate VH4248 was initially identified asC. urealyticum. Its genome size is 2 261 231 bp with 64.4% GC content. Genome-based identification tools showed an average 93.7% similarity between VH4248 and C. urealyticum genomes deposited in public databases. Therefore, this isolate must be classified as Corynebacterium sp. The blaA and ermX genes as well as a class 1 integron including the aadB and sul1 genes are present in the VH4248 genome. This isolate is highly resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and moderately resistant to gentamicin and kanamycin.
CONCLUSIONS
WGS is a powerful tool forCorynebacterium identification to species level and for detection of unusual resistance determinants, such as that encoded by the class 1 integron in isolate VH4248.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Corynebacterium; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Spain
PubMed: 32777440
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.07.020