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Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Sep 2022
Topics: Bioethics; Humans; Morals; Technology
PubMed: 35749026
DOI: 10.1007/s11673-022-10197-5 -
BMC Medical Ethics 2001A decade ago, we reviewed the field of clinical ethics; assessed its progress in research, education, and ethics committees and consultation; and made predictions about...
A decade ago, we reviewed the field of clinical ethics; assessed its progress in research, education, and ethics committees and consultation; and made predictions about the future of the field. In this article, we revisit clinical ethics to examine our earlier observations, highlight key developments, and discuss remaining challenges for clinical ethics, including the need to develop a global perspective on clinical ethics problems.
Topics: Bioethics; Curriculum; Education, Medical, Continuing; Empirical Research; Ethics Committees, Clinical; Ethics Consultation; Ethics, Clinical; Ethics, Institutional; Interdisciplinary Communication; Publishing; Teaching
PubMed: 11346456
DOI: 10.1186/1472-6939-2-1 -
Acta Bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis Jan 2019Bioethics is relevant in healthcare and medical schools. However, unlike other foreign countries, its teaching in Italy has only been recently introduced, it is less...
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK
Bioethics is relevant in healthcare and medical schools. However, unlike other foreign countries, its teaching in Italy has only been recently introduced, it is less extensively offered and no academic standards for bioethics education have been established. This research aims at understanding whether university bioethics courses attendees appreciate and consider teaching strategies to be effective with the objective of validating a coherent didactic approach to the discipline and stimulate further discussion on ways to improve it.
METHODS
A standardized survey was administered to 1590 students attending undergraduate degree programs in medicine and healthcare at four Italian universities.
RESULTS
The majority of interviewees (92.5%) had an interest in bioethics, considered it to be important for any life-sciences-related program (73.5%) and most healthcare (77.2%) and medical students (69.2%) suggested its teaching should be included in their curricula and made mandatory (66.3%) and continuous (57.7%), given its usefulness in clinical practice. Students consider bioethics as a care-integrated practice and appreciate teaching methods where it is integrated into clinical cases. Conceptual specificity and interdisciplinarity may affect the learning process and contribute to enhance students' analytical skills.
CONCLUSIONS
Italian bioethics education should be revised to meet students' expectations and preferences. Its complex, multi-disciplinary and transversal nature suggests bioethical education to be flexible and integrated among different disciplines, thus stimulating a broader critical capacity through cases studies and other interactive teaching methods for helping students better deal with bioethics-inherent difficulties and improve the learning process.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bioethics; Curriculum; Delivery of Health Care; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Female; Humans; Italy; Male; Pilot Projects; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 30657121
DOI: 10.23750/abm.v89i4.7238 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Oct 2005Use of epidemiological methods to study human behaviour is necessary to create an evidence base to inform ethical positions in medicine and science (Review)
Review
Use of epidemiological methods to study human behaviour is necessary to create an evidence base to inform ethical positions in medicine and science
Topics: Bioethical Issues; Bioethics; Epidemiologic Methods; Evidence-Based Medicine
PubMed: 16223827
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.331.7521.901 -
Medicine, Health Care, and Philosophy Dec 2023Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform many aspects of scholarly publishing. Authors, peer reviewers, and editors might use AI in a...
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform many aspects of scholarly publishing. Authors, peer reviewers, and editors might use AI in a variety of ways, and those uses might augment their existing work or might instead be intended to replace it. We are editors of bioethics and humanities journals who have been contemplating the implications of this ongoing transformation. We believe that generative AI may pose a threat to the goals that animate our work but could also be valuable for achieving those goals. In the interests of fostering a wider conversation about how generative AI may be used, we have developed a preliminary set of recommendations for its use in scholarly publishing. We hope that the recommendations and rationales set out here will help the scholarly community navigate toward a deeper understanding of the strengths, limits, and challenges of AI for responsible scholarly work.
Topics: Humans; Publishing; Scholarly Communication; Artificial Intelligence; Bioethics
PubMed: 37863860
DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10176-6 -
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Mar 2021
Topics: Bioethics; Humans; Racism; White People
PubMed: 33822283
DOI: 10.1007/s11673-021-10103-5 -
Journal of Medical Ethics Jun 2007In June 2005, Italy held a referendum on repealing the law on medically assisted fertilization (Law 40/2004), which limits access to artificial reproduction to infertile... (Review)
Review
In June 2005, Italy held a referendum on repealing the law on medically assisted fertilization (Law 40/2004), which limits access to artificial reproduction to infertile couples, and prohibits the donation of gametes, the cryopreservation of embryos, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PDG), and research on human embryos. The referendum was invalidated, and the law remained unchanged. The Italian political e bioethical debate on assisted reproduction was manipulated by the Catholic Church, which distorted scientific data and issues at stake with the help of Catholic politicians and bioethicists. What happened in Italy shows that some perverse socio-cultural e political mechanisms are spreading the absurd and anti-historical view that scientific and technological advancements are threatening democracy and personal freedom. Scientists should not only contrast the political attempts at limiting freedom of scientific research, but also tell politicians, humanists and citizens that the invention of Western science with its view of scientific community as an "open society", contributed and still contributes, through scientific education, to the construction and maintaining of the moral and political values underlying Western democracies.
Topics: Bioethics; Biomedical Research; Culture; Democracy; Freedom; Human Rights; Humans; Italy; Morals; Politics; Religion and Science; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
PubMed: 17526686
DOI: 10.1136/jme.2007.020586 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Jan 2001Islamic bioethics derives from a combination of principles, duties and rights, and, to a certain extent, a call to virtue. In Islam, bioethical decision-making is... (Review)
Review
Islamic bioethics derives from a combination of principles, duties and rights, and, to a certain extent, a call to virtue. In Islam, bioethical decision-making is carried out within a framework of values derived from revelation and tradition. It is intimately linked to the broad ethical teachings of the Qur'an and the tradition of the Prophet Muhammed, and thus to the interpretation of Islamic law. In this way, Islam has the flexibility to respond to new biomedical technologies. Islamic bioethics emphasizes prevention and teaches that the patient must be treated with respect and compassion and that the physical, mental and spiritual dimensions of the illness experience be taken into account. Because Islam shares many foundational values with Judaism and Christianity, the informed Canadian physician will find Islamic bioethics quite familiar. Canadian Muslims come from varied backgrounds and have varying degrees of religious observance. Physicians need to recognize this diversity and avoid a stereotypical approach to Muslim patients.
Topics: Abortion, Induced; Attitude to Death; Bioethics; Canada; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Islam; Male; Pregnancy; Religion and Medicine; Tissue Donors
PubMed: 11202669
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Medical Ethics Mar 2021The biopharmaceutical industry operates at the intersection of life sciences, clinical research, clinical care, public health, and business, which presents distinct...
BACKGROUND
The biopharmaceutical industry operates at the intersection of life sciences, clinical research, clinical care, public health, and business, which presents distinct operational and ethical challenges. This setting merits focused bioethics consideration to complement legal compliance and business ethics efforts. However, bioethics as applied to a biopharmaceutical industry setting often is construed either too broadly or too narrowly with little examination of its proper scope.
MAIN TEXT
Any institution with a scientific or healthcare mission should engage bioethics norms to navigate ethical issues that arise from the conduct of biomedical research, delivery of clinical care, or implementation of public health programs. It is reasonable to assume that while bioethics norms must remain constant, their application will vary depending on the characteristics of a given setting. Context "specification" substantively refines ethics norms for a particular discipline or setting and is an expected, needed and progressive ethical activity. In order for this activity to be meaningful, the scope for bioethics application and the relevant contextual factors of the setting need to be delineated and appreciated. This paper defines biopharmaceutical bioethics as: the application of bioethics norms (concepts, principles, and rules) to the research, development, supply, commercialization, and clinical use of biopharmaceutical healthcare products. It provides commentary on this definition, and presents five contextual factors that need to be considered when applying bioethics norms to a biopharmaceutical industry setting: (1) dual missions; (2) timely and pragmatic guidance; (3) resource stewardship; (4) multiple stakeholders; and (5) operational complexity.
CONCLUSION
Understanding the scope of the biopharmaceutical enterprise and contextual factors of a biopharmaceutical industry setting is foundational for the application of bioethics norms. Establishing a common language and approach for biopharmaceutical bioethics will facilitate breadth and depth of discussion and subsequent implementation to benefit patients, the healthcare system and society.
Topics: Bioethics; Biological Products; Biomedical Research; Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Morals
PubMed: 33766013
DOI: 10.1186/s12910-021-00600-y -
Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 2015
Topics: Bioethics; Editorial Policies; Humanities; Humans; Medicine
PubMed: 27397046
DOI: 10.1353/pbm.2015.0028