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British Medical Journal Jul 1971
Topics: Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Lymphatic Diseases
PubMed: 4996967
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5766.115 -
Epidemiology and Infection Feb 2020Almost all cases of human listeriosis are foodborne, however the proportion where specific exposures are identified is small. Between 1981 and 2015, 5252 human...
Almost all cases of human listeriosis are foodborne, however the proportion where specific exposures are identified is small. Between 1981 and 2015, 5252 human listeriosis cases were reported in England and Wales. The purpose of this study was to summarise data where consumption of specific foods was identified with transmission and these comprised 11 sporadic cases and 17 outbreaks. There was a single outbreak in the community of 378 cases (7% of the total) which was associated with pâté consumption and 112 cases (2% of the total) attributed to specific foods in all the other incidents. The proportion of food-attributed cases increased during this study with improvements in typing methods for Listeria monocytogenes. Ten incidents (one sporadic case and nine outbreaks of 2-9 cases over 4 days to 32 months) occurred in hospitals: all were associated with the consumption of pre-prepared sandwiches. The 18 community incidents comprised eight outbreaks (seven of between 3 and 17 cases) and 10 sporadic cases: food of animal origin was implicated in 16 of the incidents (sliced or potted meats, pork pies, pâté, liver, chicken, crab-meat, butter and soft cheese) and food of non-animal origin in the remaining two (olives and vegetable rennet).
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Disease Outbreaks; England; Female; Food Microbiology; Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Listeriosis; Male; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Wales
PubMed: 32070445
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268820000473 -
Journal of Food Protection Jul 1999The consequences of foodborne illness can be particularly devastating during pregnancy because both the woman and her fetus are at risk. Escalated production of... (Review)
Review
The consequences of foodborne illness can be particularly devastating during pregnancy because both the woman and her fetus are at risk. Escalated production of progesterone during pregnancy leads to down-regulation of cellular (cell-mediated) immune functions. Many foodborne pathogens (and other pathogens) are intracellular pathogens, and infections caused by these pathogens are controlled by cell-mediated immunity. The pregnancy-induced decrease in cell-mediated immune functions leads to increased susceptibility of the pregnant woman to certain infections. Hepatitis E virus, Coxiella burnetii, Listeria monocytogenes, and Toxoplasma gondii are intracellular pathogens that have a predilection for the maternal-fetal unit and may induce serious disease in the mother and/or fetus. In the United States, T. gondii and L. monocytogenes are the most important foodborne pathogens in pregnancy, and these organisms can induce death or grave disease in the fetus and newborn. The pregnant woman, in order to protect herself and her fetus from the consequences of foodborne illness, must practice a high standard of food hygiene and personal cleanliness.
Topics: Female; Food Microbiology; Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Toxoplasmosis; United States
PubMed: 10419281
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.7.818 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas 2006We present the case of a male with a neonatal Listeria monocytogenes infection. Its evolution was favorable with intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin. Listeriosis is an...
We present the case of a male with a neonatal Listeria monocytogenes infection. Its evolution was favorable with intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin. Listeriosis is an infrequent cause of neonatal pustulosis. The infection is acquired from the mother after bacteremia with few symptoms (early-onset forms) or while passing through an infected birth canal (late-onset forms). A cytological study and the quick stain technique make fast diagnosis of potentially serious neonatal pustuloses possible.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Listeriosis; Male
PubMed: 16540055
DOI: 10.1016/s0001-7310(06)73351-8 -
Microbes and Infection Aug 2007Listeriosis is a serious invasive disease that primarily afflicts pregnant women, neonates and immunocompromised adults. The causative organism, Listeria monocytogenes,... (Review)
Review
Listeriosis is a serious invasive disease that primarily afflicts pregnant women, neonates and immunocompromised adults. The causative organism, Listeria monocytogenes, is primarily transmitted to humans through contaminated foods. Outbreaks of listeriosis have been reported in North America, Europe and Japan. Soft cheeses made from raw milk and ready-to-eat meats are high risk foods for susceptible individuals. Efforts by food processors and food regulatory agencies to aggressively control L. monocytogenes in the high risk foods have resulted in significant decreases in the incidence of sporadic listeriosis.
Topics: Food Microbiology; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 17720602
DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.05.011 -
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology,... Dec 2020Neonatal listeriosis is a major cause of mortality in newborn; however, there is limited information about this disease in Taiwan. The aim of our study was to identify...
BACKGROUND
Neonatal listeriosis is a major cause of mortality in newborn; however, there is limited information about this disease in Taiwan. The aim of our study was to identify the outcome determinants, clinical features, and incidence of pregnancy-associated listeriosis, which includes both neonatal and maternal listeriosis.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of neonatal and maternal patients with pregnancy-associated listeriosis at two hospitals in Taiwan from January 2000 to December 2018. Listeriosis was indicated by positive Listeria monocytogenes culture.
RESULTS
Our study examined 18 neonates and 19 mothers. The neonatal and fetal death rate was 24%. All five cases of fetal losses or neonatal deaths occurred before 29 weeks of gestational age. The annual incidence of confirmed neonatal listeriosis increased significantly from 0.94/10,000 neonatal inpatients in 2000-2011 to 5.45/10,000 neonatal inpatients in 2012-2018 (p = 0.026). Clinical presentations of neonatal listeriosis included respiratory distress (85%), leukocytosis or leukopenia (77%), bandemia (69%), thrombocytopenia (77%), hypocalcemia (100%) and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (92%). Lower gestation correlated with a higher fatality rate (p = 0.002). Among the maternal cases investigated, 67% had a diagnosis of listeriosis, and 72% presented with fever. However, only 21% of the 19 mothers received complete antepartum ampicillin treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of neonatal listeriosis is increasing, especially in preterm neonates. Maternal listeriosis should be adequately treated with appropriate empirical antibiotics.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Male; Neonatal Sepsis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Retrospective Studies; Taiwan; Young Adult
PubMed: 31492584
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2019.08.001 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2023Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has revolutionized surveillance of infectious diseases. Disease outbreaks can now be detected with high precision, and correct attribution...
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has revolutionized surveillance of infectious diseases. Disease outbreaks can now be detected with high precision, and correct attribution of infection sources has been improved. Listeriosis, caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, is a foodborne disease with a high case fatality rate and a large proportion of outbreak-related cases. Timely recognition of listeriosis outbreaks and precise allocation of food sources are important to prevent further infections and to promote public health. We report the WGS-based identification of a large multinational listeriosis outbreak with 55 cases that affected Germany, Austria, Denmark, and Switzerland during 2020 and 2021. Clinical isolates formed a highly clonal cluster (called Ny9) based on core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Routine and investigations of food samples identified L. monocytogenes isolates from smoked rainbow trout filets from a Danish producer grouping with the Ny9 cluster. Patient interviews confirmed consumption of rainbow trout as the most likely infection source. The Ny9 cluster was caused by a MLST sequence type (ST) ST394 clone belonging to molecular serogroup IIa, forming a distinct clade within molecular serogroup IIa strains. Analysis of the Ny9 genome revealed , , and inactivating mutations, but phenotypic characterization of several virulence-associated traits of a representative Ny9 isolate showed that the outbreak strain had the same pathogenic potential as other serogroup IIa strains. Our report demonstrates that international food trade can cause multicountry outbreaks that necessitate cross-border outbreak collaboration. It also corroborates the relevance of ready-to-eat smoked fish products as causes for listeriosis. Listeriosis is a severe infectious disease in humans and characterized by an exceptionally high case fatality rate. The disease is transmitted through consumption of food contaminated by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Outbreaks of listeriosis often occur but can be recognized and stopped through implementation of whole-genome sequencing-based pathogen surveillance systems. We here describe the detection and management of a large listeriosis outbreak in Germany and three neighboring countries. This outbreak was caused by rainbow trout filet, which was contaminated by a L. monocytogenes clone belonging to sequence type ST394. This work further expands our knowledge on the genetic diversity and transmission routes of an important foodborne pathogen.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Food Microbiology; Listeriosis; Disease Outbreaks; Seafood
PubMed: 37036341
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03520-22 -
Veterinary Research Mar 2012Listeriosis is a leading cause of hospitalization and death due to foodborne illness in the industrialized world. Animal models have played fundamental roles in... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Listeriosis is a leading cause of hospitalization and death due to foodborne illness in the industrialized world. Animal models have played fundamental roles in elucidating the pathophysiology and immunology of listeriosis, and will almost certainly continue to be integral components of the research on listeriosis. Data derived from animal studies helped for example characterize the importance of cell-mediated immunity in controlling infection, allowed evaluation of chemotherapeutic treatments for listeriosis, and contributed to quantitative assessments of the public health risk associated with L. monocytogenes contaminated food commodities. Nonetheless, a number of pivotal questions remain unresolved, including dose-response relationships, which represent essential components of risk assessments. Newly emerging data about species-specific differences have recently raised concern about the validity of most traditional animal models of listeriosis. However, considerable uncertainty about the best choice of animal model remains. Here we review the available data on traditional and potential new animal models to summarize currently recognized strengths and limitations of each model. This knowledge is instrumental for devising future studies and for interpreting current data. We deliberately chose a historical, comparative and cross-disciplinary approach, striving to reveal clues that may help predict the ultimate value of each animal model in spite of incomplete data.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Species Specificity
PubMed: 22417207
DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-43-18 -
PloS One 2022Listeria monocytogenes can cause listeriosis, and people with hypoimmunity such as pregnant women, infants and fetuses are at high risk of invasive infection. Although...
Listeria monocytogenes can cause listeriosis, and people with hypoimmunity such as pregnant women, infants and fetuses are at high risk of invasive infection. Although the incidence of listeriosis is low, the fatality rate is high. Therefore, continual surveillance and rapid epidemiological investigation are crucial for addressing L. monocytogenes. Because of the popularity of next-generation sequencing, obtaining the whole-genome sequence of a bacterium is easy. Several genome-based typing methods are available, and core-genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) is the most recognized methods. Using cgMLST typing to compare L. monocytogenes whole-genome sequences (WGS) with those obtained across distinct regions is beneficial. However, the concern is how to incorporate the powerful cgMLST method into investigations, such as by using source tracing. Herein, we present an easy-to-use web service called-LmTraceMap (http://lmtracemap.cgu.edu.tw/hua_map/test/upload.php; http://120.126.17.192/hua_map/test/upload.php) that can help public-health professionals rapidly trace closely related isolates worldwide and visually inspect them in search results on a world map with labeled epidemiological data. We expect the proposed service to improve the convenience of public health investigations.
Topics: Female; Food Microbiology; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Pregnancy; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 35533187
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267972 -
International Journal of Infectious... Mar 2009Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen in neonates in Western countries, with a fatality rate of 20-30%. There is limited information on neonatal listeriosis in... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen in neonates in Western countries, with a fatality rate of 20-30%. There is limited information on neonatal listeriosis in Eastern countries. The purpose of this study was to delineate the occurrence and clinical picture of neonatal listeriosis in Taiwan.
METHODS
A questionnaire-based survey of all of the 17 medical centers in Taiwan was performed, and a literature review of neonatal listeriosis as reported in Taiwan from 1990 to 2007 was made.
RESULTS
A total of 14 cases (10 male, four female) of neonatal listeriosis were identified, including 11 found from the survey of four medical centers and another three collected from the literature review. Three were found to have occurred prior to 2000 and 11 were found to have occurred after 2000. The age of onset was less than 3 days in all cases. L. monocytogenes was identified from blood in 13, cerebrospinal fluid in four, and gastric aspirate in two. Half of the cases (7/14) had involvement of the central nervous system with pleocytosis and hypoglycorrhachia in cerebrospinal fluid, and three of them even developed hydrocephalus. The mortality rate was 29%.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that listeriosis may emerge as an important health threat among newborn infants in Taiwan.
Topics: Academic Medical Centers; Female; Humans; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Male; Population Surveillance; Surveys and Questionnaires; Taiwan
PubMed: 18768340
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.06.006